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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rmt</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Общая реаниматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>General Reanimatology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1813-9779</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-7110</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBI "SRIGR" RAMS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15360/1813-9779-2015-2-6-17</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rmt-1451</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОСТРАЯ ДЫХАТЕЛЬНАЯ НЕДОСТАТОЧНОСТЬ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ACUTE RESPIRATORY FAILURE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>РЕСПИРАТОРНАЯ ПОДДЕРЖКА В БЕЗОПАСНОМ РЕЖИМЕ ПРИ НОЗОКОМИАЛЬНОЙ ПНЕВМОНИИ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>SAFETY-MODE RESPIRATORY SUPPORT IN NOSOCOMIAL PNEUMONIA</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мороз</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Moroz</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузовлев</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuzovlev</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Голубев</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Golubev</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стец</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stets</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Половников</surname><given-names>С. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polovnikov</surname><given-names>S. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>НИИ общей реаниматологии им. В. А. Неговского, Москва, Россия 107031, Москва, ул. Петровка, д. 25, стр. 2</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.A. Negovsky Research Institute of General Reanimatology, Moscow, Russia 25, Petrovka, Build. 2, Moscow 107031</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>НИИ общей реаниматологии им. В. А. Неговского, Москва, Россия 107031, Москва, ул. Петровка, д. 25, стр. 2&#13;
ФГКУ Главный Военный клинический госпиталь им. Н. Н. Бурденко 105229, Москва, Госпитальная пл., д. 3, Москва, Россия</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.A. Negovsky Research Institute of General Reanimatology, Moscow, Russia 25, Petrovka, Build. 2, Moscow 107031&#13;
N. N. Burdenko Main Military Clinical Hospital, , Moscow, Russia &#13;
3, Hospitalnaia, Moscow 105229</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГКУ Главный Военный клинический госпиталь им. Н. Н. Бурденко 105229, Москва, Госпитальная пл., д. 3, Москва, Россия</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N. N. Burdenko Main Military Clinical Hospital, , Moscow, Russia &#13;
3, Hospitalnaia, Moscow 105229</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>05</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>6</fpage><lpage>17</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мороз В.В., Кузовлев А.Н., Голубев А.М., Стец В.В., Половников С.Г., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мороз В.В., Кузовлев А.Н., Голубев А.М., Стец В.В., Половников С.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Moroz V.V., Kuzovlev A.N., Golubev A.M., Stets V.V., Polovnikov S.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/1451">https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/1451</self-uri><abstract><p>Критерии диагностики и подходы к дифференцированному лечению острого респираторного дистресс синдрома (ОРДС) при нозокомиальной пневмонии (НП) разработаны, но подходы к профилактике развития данного синдрома при наличии факторов риска не изучены. Искусственная вентиляция легких(ИВЛ) в безопасном режиме («протективная» ИВЛ) представляет собой наиболее вероятный способ профилактики развития ОРДС при НП. Цель исследования. Оценить эффективность ИВЛ с безопасными параметрами в предупреждении развития ОРДС при НП у больных хирургической абдоминальной инфекцией. Материалы и методы. Данное ретроспективное одноцентровое исследование было проведено на клинических базах НИИ общей реаниматологии им. В. А. Неговского в 2013—2014 гг. При проведении ретроспективного анализа больные были разделены на две группы: Группа «Безопасная ИВЛ» — с момента диагностики НП больным проводили ИВЛ в безопасном режиме (дыхательный объем 6—8 мл/кг); Группа «Стандартная ИВЛ» — с момента диагностики НП больным проводили ИВЛ с традиционными параметрами (дыхательный объем 8—10 мл/кг). В качестве основного критерия эффективности респираторной поддержки в безопасном режиме была принята частота развития ОРДС в группах больных. В качестве вторичных критериев эффективности респираторной поддержки в безопасном режиме оценивали длительность ИВЛ, длительность пребывания в отделении реаниматологии и 30-суточную летальность. Статистический анализ полученных данных производился при помощи пакета Statistica 7,0. Данные представлены в виде медианы ± 25—75 перцентилей (25—75 IQR). Достоверным считалось различие при p&lt;0,05. &gt;Результаты. При сравнении индекса оксигенации (ИО) и индекса внесосудистой воды легких (ИВСВЛ) между группами больных «Безопасная ИВЛ» и «Стандартная ИВЛ» закономерные достоверные различия между группами по данным показателям были зарегистрированы начиная со вторых сут. исследования. В группе «Стандартная ИВЛ» было зарегистрировано достоверное снижение ИО и прирост ИВСВЛ к 7 сут. исследования по сравнению с 1 сут. Дыхательный объем (ДО) был закономерно ниже в группе «Безопасная ИВЛ» по сравнению с группой «Стандартная ИВЛ» в течение 1, 3, 5 сут. исследования. Статический комплайнс легких исследования был с 3 сут. исследования ниже в группе «Стандартная ИВЛ» по сравнению с группой «Безопасная ИВЛ», что связано с развитием ОРДС у больных данной группы. Пиковое давление в дыхательных путях с 3 сут. исследования было выше в группе «Стандартная ИВЛ» по сравнению с группой «Безопасная ИВЛ». Давление плато в дыхательных путях с 3 сут. исследования было выше в группе «Стандартная ИВЛ» по сравнению с группой «Безопасная ИВЛ». Были получены достоверные различия по частоте развития ОРДС при НП в группах больных: в группе больных НП, у которых применяли безопасную ИВЛ, ОРДС развился у 6 больных (15,0%); во второй группе больных НП (стандартный режим ИВЛ) ОРДС развился у 20 больных (67,1%) (p=0,0001, точный тест Фишера). В группе больных НП, в которой использовали ИВЛ с безопасными параметрами, была зарегистрирована меньшая длительность ИВЛ (14,8±6,2 сут. vs. 20,0±6,3 сут.) и пребывания больных в отделении реаниматологии (19,2±6,0 сут. vs. 23,9±7,7 сут.) (Рис. 9). Были получены достоверные различия по летальности между группами больных: в группе больных НП, у которых применяли безопасную ИВЛ, летальность составила 27,5% (n=11); во второй группе больных НП (стандартный режим ИВЛ) летальность составила 46,7% (n=14) (p=0,046, точный тест Фишера). Заключение. Проведение искусственной вентиляции легких с безопасными параметрами позволяет предупредить развитие острого респираторного дистресс-синдрома при нозокомиальной пневмонии у больных хирургической абдоминальной инфекцией, что улучшает исходы лечения. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Diagnostic criteria for and approaches to differentiated treatment for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in nosocomial pneumonia (NP) have been elaborated, but approaches to preventing this syndrome in the presence of risk factors have not been investigated. Safety-mode mechanical ventilation (MV) (protective MV) is the most probable way of preventing ARDS in NP. Objective: to evaluate the efficiency of MV with safety parameters in preventing ARDS in NP in patients with surgical abdominal infection. Subjects and methods. This retrospective unicentric study was conducted at the clinical bases of the V. A. Negovsky Research Institute of General Reanimatology in 2013—2014. During a retrospective analysis, the patients were divided into two groups: 1) safe MV — after NP was diagnosed, the patients underwent safetymode MV (tidal volume (TV) 6—8 ml/kg); 2) standard MV — after NP was diagnosed, the patients were on MV with traditional parameters (TV 8—10 ml/kg). The incidence of ARDS in the patient groups was taken as a main criterion for the efficiency of safetymode respiratory support. The duration of MV, the length of stay in an intensive care unit, and 30day mortality rates were estimated as secondary criteria for the efficiency of safety-mode respiratory support. The findings were statistically analyzed using a Statistica 7.0 package. The data were expressed as the median (± 25—75 percentiles interquartile range (IQR)). The difference at p&lt;0.05 was considered signif icant. &gt;Results. Comparison of oxygenation index (OI) and extravascular lung water index (ELWI) showed that there were natural significant differences between the safe MV and standard MV groups in these indicators, beginning from day 2 of the investigation. The standard MV group displayed a significant decrease in OI and an increase in ELWI at 7 days versus at day 1 of the investigation. In the safe MV group, TV was naturally lower than that in the standard MV group on days 1, 3, and 5 of the study. From day 3, the statistical lung compliance was lower in the standard MV group than that in the safe MV group, which was linked to the development of ARDS in the patients in this group. From day 3, the peak airway pressure was higher in the standard MV group than that in the safe MV group. From this time, the plateau airway pressure was higher in the standard MV group than that in the safe MV group. There were significant differences in the incidence rate of ARDS in NP in the patient groups: ARDS developed in 6 (15.0%) and 20 (67.1%) NP patients who underwent safe and standard MV, respectively (p=0.0001, Fisher's exact test). The NP patients who used MV with safety parameters were recorded lower lengths of MV (14.8±6.2 days) and stay in an intensive care unit (19.2±6.0 days) than those who had standard MV (20.0±6.3 and 23.9±7.7 days) (Fig. 9). There were significant differences in mortality rates between the patient groups in the NP patients on safe MV whose mortality was 27.5% (n=11); this in the NP patients on standard MV was 46.7% (n=14) (p=0.0046, Fisher's exact test). Conclusion. MV with safety parameters allows for preventing ARDS in NP in patients with surgical abdominal infection, which improves treatment outcomes.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нозокомиальная пневмония</kwd><kwd>острый респираторный дистресс-синдром</kwd><kwd>искусственная вентиляция легких</kwd><kwd>профилактика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>nosocomial pneumonia</kwd><kwd>acute respiratory distress syndrome</kwd><kwd>mechanical ventilation</kwd><kwd>prevention</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мороз В.В., Рябов Г.А., Голубев А.М., Марченков Ю.В., Власенко А.В., Карпун Н.А., Яковлев В.Н., Алексеев В.Г., Бобринская И.Г., Кузов лев А.Н., Смелая Т.В. Острый респираторный дистресс-синдром. 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