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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rmt</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Общая реаниматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>General Reanimatology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1813-9779</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-7110</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBI "SRIGR" RAMS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15360/1813-9779-2015-3-45-53</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rmt-1466</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ЭКСПРЕССИЯ МОЗГОВОГО НЕЙРОТРОФИЧЕСКОГО ФАКТОРА (BDNF) ПОВЫШАЕТ УСТОЙЧИВОСТЬ НЕЙРОНОВ К ГИБЕЛИ В ПОСТРЕАНИМАЦИОННОМ ПЕРИОДЕ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Expression of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) Increases the Resistance of Neurons to Death in the Postresuscitation Period</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Острова</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ostrova</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Россия, 107031, Москва, ул. Петровка, д. 25, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>25, Petrovka St., Build. 2, Moscow 107031, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">irinaostrova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аврущенко</surname><given-names>М. Ш.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Avrushchenko</surname><given-names>M. Sh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Россия, 107031, Москва, ул. Петровка, д. 25, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>25, Petrovka St., Build. 2, Moscow 107031, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">НИИ общей реаниматологии им. В. А. Неговского, Москва<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">V. A. Negovsky Research Institute of General Reanimatology, Moscow<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>07</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>45</fpage><lpage>53</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Острова И.В., Аврущенко М.Ш., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Острова И.В., Аврущенко М.Ш.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ostrova I.V., Avrushchenko M.S.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/1466">https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/1466</self-uri><abstract><p>Одним из наиболее актуальных вопросов в современной нейробиологии и медицине остается поиск веществ, способных защитить клетки головного мозга от повреждающего действия гипоксии. В настоящее время в литературе широко обсуждаются возможности применения нейротрофических факторов, в частности, белка BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic  factor),  для  лечения  неврологических  заболеваний.  Однако  остается  неясным,  как  изменяется  уровень экспрессии данного белка в нейронах головного мозга в постреанимационном периоде после остановки системного кровообращения.</p><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Определить уровень экспрессии ВDNF в высокочувствительной к ишемии нейрональной популяции клеток Пуркинье мозжечка и оценить его значение в устойчивости нейронов к ишемии-реперфузии.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. У половозрелых белых нелинейных самцов крыс (n=11) под эфирным наркозом вызывали остановку сердца на 12 мин путем внутриторакального пережатия сосудистого пучка сердца c последующим оживлением. Контрольную группу составили ложнооперированные животные (n=11). На 7-е сутки после реанимации методом морфометрического анализа на окрашенных по Нисслю парафиновых срезах толщиной 5—6 мкм определяли общее число клеток Пуркинье на 1 мм длины их слоя. Иммуногистохимическое исследование экспрессии белка BDNF в клетках Пуркинье проводили непрямым пероксидазно-антипероксидазным методом с использованием первичных поликлональных антител против BDNF. Подсчитывали число клеток Пуркинье с разной иммунореактивностью к белку BDNF. Интенсивность экспрессии BDNF оценивали по показателю средней оптической плотности.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты.  12-минутная  остановка  системного  кровообращения  у  крыс  приводила  к  уменьшению  числа  клеток Пуркинье на 12,5%. При иммуногистохимическом исследовании обнаружено, что число BDNF–нейронов у реанимированых крыс было снижено. При этом число BDNF+ и BDNF++ нейронов соответствовало контрольному уровню. Следовательно, погибaли только BDNF-негативные, т. е. не экспрессирующие белок BDNF нейроны. Анализ средней оптической плотности показал, что среди оставшихся нейронов уровень экспрессии белка BDNF был повышен в сравнении с контролем. Выявленные факты свидетельствуют о нейропротективном действии этого белка в постреанимационном периоде.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Cпособность к экспрессии белка BDNF является важным фактором, повышающим устойчивость нейронов к гибели в постреанимационном периоде. Это обуславливает перспективность использования BDNF для разработки новых подходов к защите мозга при ишемии-реперфузии.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A search for substances that are able to protect brain cells from the damaging effect of hypoxia remains one of the most relevant issues in modern neurobiology and medicine. Whether neurotrophic factors, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) protein in particular, can be used to treat neurological diseases is the subject of wide speculation in the literature now. However, how the expression of this protein in the brain neurons changes after systemic circulatory arrest in the postresuscitation period remains uncertain.</p><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to estimate the level of BDNF expression in the highly ischemia-sensitive neuronal population of cerebellar Purkinje cells and the value of BDNF in the resistance of neurons to ischemia-reperfusion.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. In mature outbred male albino rats (n=11), the heart was stopped under ether anesthesia at 12 minutes via intrathoracic ligation of the vascular fascicle, followed by revivification. A control group included pseudo-operated animals (n=11). On days 7 after revivification, a morphometric analysis of Nissl-stained paraffin sections 5—6 μm thick was used to determine the total number of Purkinje cells per 1 mm of their layer length. The expression of BDNF protein in the Purkinje cells was immunohistochemically examined by an indirect peroxidase-antiperoxidase test using primary polyclonal antibodies against BDNF. The count of Purkinje cells with different immune responses to BDNF protein was calculated. The intensity of BDNF expression was estimated from the mean optical density. Results. 12-minute systemic circulatory arrest in the rats resulted in a 12.5% reduction in the number of Purkinje cells. The immunohistochemical examination revealed a lower numbers of BDNF– neurons in the resuscitated rats. In this case, the count of BDNF+ and BDNF++ neurons corresponded to their reference level. Consequently, only BDNF-negative neurons, i.e. those that failed to express BDNF protein, died. Analysis of the mean optical density indicated that the remaining neurons had a higher BDNF protein expression than those in the controls. The found facts suggest that this protein has a neuroprotective effect in the postresuscitation period.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The capability for BDNF expression is an important factor that enhances neuronal resistance to death in the postresuscitation period. This offers promise for BDNF use to elaborate novel approaches to protecting the brain in ischemia-reperfusion.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>белок BDNF</kwd><kwd>постреанимационный период</kwd><kwd>гибель нейронов</kwd><kwd>клетки Пуркинье мозжечка</kwd><kwd>морфометрический анализ</kwd><kwd>иммуногистохимия</kwd><kwd>средняя оптическая плотность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>BDNF protein</kwd><kwd>postresuscitation period</kwd><kwd>neuronal death</kwd><kwd>cerebellar Purkinje cells</kwd><kwd>morphometric analysis</kwd><kwd>immunohistochemistry</kwd><kwd>mean optical density</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schneider A., Böttiger B.W., Popp E. Cerebral resuscitation after cardio-circulatory arrest. Anesth. Analg. 2009; 108 (3): 971—979. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/ane.0b013e318193ca99. 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