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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rmt</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Общая реаниматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>General Reanimatology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1813-9779</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-7110</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBI "SRIGR" RAMS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15360/1813-9779-2016-2-66-89</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rmt-1521</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ И КРАТКИЕ СООБЩЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS &amp; SHORT COMMUNICATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ОСТРАЯ КРОВОПОТЕРЯ: РЕГИОНАРНЫЙ КРОВОТОК И МИКРОЦИРКУЛЯЦИЯ (ОБЗОР, ЧАСТЬ I)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Acute Blood Loss: Regional Blood Flow and Microcirculation (Review, Part I)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мороз</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Moroz</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>107031, Москва, ул. Петровка, д. 25, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>25, Petrovka Str., Build. 2, Moscow 107031, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рыжков</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryzhkov</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>107031, Москва, ул. Петровка, д. 25, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>25, Petrovka Str., Build. 2, Moscow 107031, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">riamed21@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>НИИ общей реаниматологии им. В. А. Неговского</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V. A. Negovsky Research Institute of General Reanimatology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>07</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>66</fpage><lpage>89</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мороз В.В., Рыжков И.А., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мороз В.В., Рыжков И.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Moroz V.V., Ryzhkov I.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/1521">https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/1521</self-uri><abstract><p>В первой части обзора представлены данные литературы по: структурнофункциональной организации микроциркуляторного русла; регуляции сосудистого тонуса, включая местные (метаболические, миогенные механизмы, роль эндотелия и эритроцитов) и системные (нервные, гуморальные) факторы; общие вопросы нарушений микроциркуляции при кровопотере и шоке. Острая кровопотеря рассмотрена в аспекте стадийного течения компенсаторноприспособительных процессов с вовлечением системы крови, сердечнососудистой, нервной и эндокринной систем организма. Описаны изменения транспорта кислорода, патогенезгипоксии и метаболических нарушений при кровопотере и геморрагическом шоке. Представлены примеры порочных кругов патогенеза острой кровопотери, как основы развития декомпенсированного геморрагического шока, а также отмечена важная роль нарушений гемостаза и реологии крови в этом процессе.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The first part of the review highlights the data on the structural and functional organization of the microvas culature; regulation of vascular tone including local (metabolic and myogenic mechanisms, role of endothelium and red blood cells) and systemic (nervous, humoral) factors; general issues of microcirculatory alterations in blood loss and shock. Acute blood loss is considered as a phasic development of compensatory and adaptive processes involving the blood system, cardiovascular, nervous and endocrine systems. Changes in oxygen transport, the pathogenesis of hypoxia and metabolic abnormalities in blood loss and hemorrhagic shock are described. Examples of the vicious circles contributing to acute blood loss pathogenesis are considered as a base for developing decompensated hemorrhagic shock in which the role of hemostasis and blood rheology alterations are also considered.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>острая кровопотеря</kwd><kwd>геморрагический шок</kwd><kwd>патофизиология</kwd><kwd>микроциркуляция</kwd><kwd>транспорт кислорода</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>acute blood loss</kwd><kwd>hemorrhagic shock</kwd><kwd>pathophysiology</kwd><kwd>microcirculation</kwd><kwd>oxygen transport</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Литвицкий П.Ф. Патофизиология. 4е изд. 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