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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rmt</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Общая реаниматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>General Reanimatology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1813-9779</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-7110</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBI "SRIGR" RAMS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15360/1813-9779-2016-6-64-81</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rmt-1563</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ И КРАТКИЕ СООБЩЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS &amp; SHORT COMMUNICATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Острые отравления диацетилморфином (героином) (обзор)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Acute Diacetylmorphine (Heroin) Intoxication (Review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лоладзе</surname><given-names>А. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Loladze</surname><given-names>A. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>192242, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Будапештская, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3 Budapeshtskaya Str., Saint-Petersburg 192242</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ливанов</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Livanov</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>192242, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Будапештская, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3 Budapeshtskaya Str., Saint-Petersburg 192242</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Батоцыренов</surname><given-names>Б. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Batotsyrenov</surname><given-names>B. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>192242, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Будапештская, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3 Budapeshtskaya Str., Saint-Petersburg 192242</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bbair@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коваленко</surname><given-names>А. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovalenko</surname><given-names>A. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>192019, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Бехтерева, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1 Beсhtereva Str., Saint-Petersburg 192242</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лодягин</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lodyagin</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>192242, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Будапештская, д. 3</p><p>195067, г. Санкт-Петербург, Пискаревский пр., д. 47</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3 Budapeshtskaya Str., Saint-Petersburg 192242;</p><p>47 Piskarevskij prospect, St. Petersburg 95067</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Глушков</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Glushkov</surname><given-names>S. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>192242, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Будапештская, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3 Budapeshtskaya Str., Saint-Petersburg 192242</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баранов</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baranov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>192242, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Будапештская, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3 Budapeshtskaya Str., Saint-Petersburg 192242, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Антонова</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Antonova</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>192242, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Будапештская, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3 Budapeshtskaya Str., Saint-Petersburg 192242, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Харитонова</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kharitonova</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>192242, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Будапештская, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3 Budapeshtskaya Str., Saint-Petersburg 192242, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи им. И. И. Джанелидзе</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I. I. Dzhanelidze Saint-Petersburg Research Institute of Emergency Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт токсикологии Федерального медикобиологического агентства России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Toxicology, Federal Medico-Biological Agency of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи им. И. И. Джанелидзе&#13;
&#13;
Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И. И. Мечникова Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I. I. Dzhanelidze Saint-Petersburg Research Institute of Emergency Medicine&#13;
&#13;
I. I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>01</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>64</fpage><lpage>81</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лоладзе А.Т., Ливанов Г.А., Батоцыренов Б.В., Коваленко А.Л., Лодягин А.Н., Глушков С.И., Баранов Д.В., Антонова А.М., Харитонова Т.В., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лоладзе А.Т., Ливанов Г.А., Батоцыренов Б.В., Коваленко А.Л., Лодягин А.Н., Глушков С.И., Баранов Д.В., Антонова А.М., Харитонова Т.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Loladze A.T., Livanov G.A., Batotsyrenov B.V., Kovalenko A.L., Lodyagin A.N., Glushkov S.I., Baranov D.V., Antonova A.M., Kharitonova T.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/1563">https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/1563</self-uri><abstract><p>В обзоре представлены современные данные о механизме действия, избирательной токсичности, токсикокинетике и токсикодинамике диацетилморфина (героина). Острые отравления диацетилморфином рассмотрены в аспекте формирования критического состояния, при котором тяжесть отравления обусловлена развитием выраженных метаболических расстройств, связанных с прогрессированием гипоксии. Описаны основные жизнеопасные осложнения, которые возникают вследствие острых отравлений диацетилморфином со стороны ЦНС, системы дыхания, кровообращения, мочевыделительной системы. Учитывая, что основным фактором поражения является гипоксия, рассмотрены механизмы нарушений транспорта кислорода, а также патогенез активации свободнорадикального окисления при острых отравлениях диацетилморфином. Дано обоснование направлений совершенствования интенсивной терапии тяжелых форм острых отравлений диацетилморфином путем использования, помимо общереаниматологических мероприятий, субстратного антигипоксанта реамберина.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This review presents current data on the mechanism of action, selective toxicity, toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics of diacetylmorphine (heroin). Acute diacetylmorphine poisoning is considered under taking into account the developing a critical state, in which the poisoning severity is determined by severe metabolic disorders associated with the progression of hypoxia. The main lifethreatening complications of acute diacetyl morphine poisoning are described including those associated with the nervous system, respiratory, circulatory and urinary systems. Since hypoxia is the principal damaging factor, the the mechanisms of oxygen transport disorders and the pathogenesis of activation of free radical oxidation in acute diacetylmorphine poisoning are discussed. The improvement of intensive care strategy for severe forms of acute diacetylmorphine poisoning by the inclusion of a substrate antihypoxant Reamberin into the list of routine critical care prescriptions is emphesized.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>острые отравления</kwd><kwd>диацетилморфин</kwd><kwd>героин</kwd><kwd>гипоксия</kwd><kwd>налоксон</kwd><kwd>субстратные анти гипоксанты</kwd><kwd>реамберин</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>acute poisoning</kwd><kwd>diacetylmorphine</kwd><kwd>heroin</kwd><kwd>hypoxia</kwd><kwd>naloxone</kwd><kwd>substrate antihypoxants</kwd><kwd>Reamberin</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лужников Е.А., Костомарова Л.Г. Острые отравления. Руководство для врачей. М.: Медицина; 2000: 434.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Luzhnikov E.A., Kostomarova L.G. Ostrye otravleniya. 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