<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rmt</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Общая реаниматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>General Reanimatology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1813-9779</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-7110</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBI "SRIGR" RAMS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15360/1813-9779-2017-2-40-51</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rmt-1584</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СЕПСИС</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SEPSIS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Функциональная активность нейтрофилов при ожоговом сепсисе</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Functional Activity of Neutrophils in Burn Sepsis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Образцов</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Obraztsov</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">proskurnina@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Годков</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Godkov</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">proskurnina@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кулабухов</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulabukhov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">proskurnina@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Владимирова</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vladimirova</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">proskurnina@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Измайлов</surname><given-names>Д. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Izmailov</surname><given-names>D. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">proskurnina@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Проскурнина</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Proskurnina</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">proskurnina@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственный научный центр колопроктологии им А. Н. Рыжих Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A. N. Ryzhykh State Scientific Center of Coloproctology, Russian Ministry of Health</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>НИИ скорой помощи им. Н. В. Склифосовского</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N. V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute of First Aid</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт хирургии им. А. В. Вишневского Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A. V. Vishnevsky Institute of Surgery, Russian Ministry of Health</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Факультет фундаментальной медицины, Московский государственный университет им. М. В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Faculty of Fundamental Medicine,Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>06</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>40</fpage><lpage>51</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Образцов И.В., Годков М.А., Кулабухов В.В., Владимирова Г.А., Измайлов Д.Ю., Проскурнина Е.В., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Образцов И.В., Годков М.А., Кулабухов В.В., Владимирова Г.А., Измайлов Д.Ю., Проскурнина Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Obraztsov I.V., Godkov M.A., Kulabukhov V.V., Vladimirova G.A., Izmailov D.Y., Proskurnina E.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/1584">https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/1584</self-uri><abstract><p>Тенденция к развитию и генерализации инфекции у пациентов с тяжелой термической травмой реализуется за счет комплексного влияния термической травмы на иммунную систему. Особенно страдает фагоцитарная система, представленная, в первую очередь, нейтрофильными гранулоцитами. Цель исследования: определение динамики изменения функциональной активности нейтрофилов у пациентов с термической травмой, а также ее прогностической значимости при развитии гнойно-септических осложнений ожоговой болезни. Материалы и методы. Функциональную активность нейтрофилов оценивали на основе спонтанного и индуцированного хемилюминесцентного ответа цельной крови при последовательной стимуляции форбол-12-миристат-13-ацетатом (ФМА) и N-формил-метионил-лейцил-фенилаланином (фМЛФ). Было обследовано 34 пациента с ожоговой болезнью при разной тяжести течения ожоговой болезни и в динамике наблюдения. Результаты. Разработанная новая методика была использована для исследования цельной крови пациентов с ожоговой болезнью, получены данные о функциональной активности нейтрофилов при разной тяжести течения болезни и в динамике. В результате анализа хемилюминесцентных кривых развития респираторного взрыва нейтрофилов выявлены показатели, характеризующие состояние иммунной системы, а именно: одно— или двухфазный ответ на стимул, удельная активность нейтрофила «быстрой фазы», удельная активность нейтрофила «медленной фазы». Заключение. Результаты позволили выделить тенденции изменения функциональной активности нейтрофилов при ожоговой болезни. Предложены диагностические и прогностические показатели функциональной активности нейтрофилов для оценки тяжести болезни и прогноза септического процесса.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A complex effect of thermal trauma on the immune system triggers the tendency to develop and generalize infection in patients with severe thermal trauma. The phagocytic system, which is represented, first of all, by neutrophilic granulocytes, is significantly altered. Objective: to determine the dynamics of changes in the functional activity of neutrophils in patients with thermal trauma, as well as its prognostic significance in the development of purulent-septic complications of a burn disease. Materials and methods. The functional activity of neutrophils was assessed by spontaneous and induced chemiluminescence responses of whole blood sequentially stimulated with phorbol-12-myristate"13-acetate(PMA) and N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP). 34 patients with a burn disease of different severity were dynamically examined during observation. Results. The newly developed technique was applied to study the responses of whole blood of patients with burn disease to stimuli; data on the functional activity of neutrophils depending on various severities of the disease and response dynamics were obtained. Analysis of chemiluminescent curves of the development of respiratory explosion of neutrophils helped to reveal parameters of the immune system state, namely: a one— or two-phase response to a stimulus, a «rapid phase» neutrophil specific activity, and a «slow phase» neutrophil specific activity. Conclusion. The results revealed trends in alterations of functional activity of neutrophils in burn disease. Diagnostic and prognostic indices of the functional activity of neutrophils for assessing the severity of the disease and the prognosis of the septic process were suggested.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хемилюминесценция</kwd><kwd>функциональная активность нейтрофилов</kwd><kwd>ожоговая травма</kwd><kwd>сепсис</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chemiluminescence</kwd><kwd>neutrophil functional activity</kwd><kwd>burn injury</kwd><kwd>sepsis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Алексеев А.А., Крутиков М.Г., Яковлев В.П. Ожоговая инфекция: этиология, патогенез, диагностика, профилактика и лечение. М.: Вузовская книга; 2010: 416.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alekseyev A.A., Krutikov M.G., Yakovlev V.P. Burn infection: etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, prevention and treatment. Moscow: Vuzovskaya Kniga; 2010: 416. [In Russ.]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ronat J.B., Kakol J., Khoury M.N., Berthelot M., Yun O., Brown V., Murphy R.A. Highly drug"resistant pathogens implicated in burn"associated bac" teremia in an iraqi burn care unit. PLoS One. 2014; 9 (8): e101017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0101017. PMID: 25111170</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ronat J.B., Kakol J., Khoury M.N., Berthelot M., Yun O., Brown V., Murphy R.A. Highly drug"resistant pathogens implicated in burn"associated bac" teremia in an iraqi burn care unit. PLoS One. 2014; 9 (8): e101017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0101017. PMID: 25111170</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Calum H., Moser C., Jensen P.Ø., Christophersen L., Maling D.S., van Gennip M., Bjarnsholt T., Hougen H.P., Givskov M., Jacobsen G.K., Høiby N. Thermal injury induces impaired function in polymorphonuclear neutrophil granulocytes and reduced control of burn wound infection. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 2009; 156 (1): 102–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ j.1365"2249.2008.03861.x. PMID: 19210518</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Calum H., Moser C., Jensen P.Ø., Christophersen L., Maling D.S., van Gennip M., Bjarnsholt T., Hougen H.P., Givskov M., Jacobsen G.K., Høiby N. Thermal injury induces impaired function in polymorphonuclear neutrophil granulocytes and reduced control of burn wound infection. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 2009; 156 (1): 102–110. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1111/j.1365"2249.2008.03861.x. PMID: 19210518</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Crimi E., Sica V., Williams Ignarro S., Zhang H., Slutsky A.S., Ignarro L.J., Napoli C. The role of oxidative stress in adult critical care. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 2006; 40 (3): 398–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/ j.freeradbiomed.2005.10.054. PMID: 16443154</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Crimi E., Sica V., Williams Ignarro S., Zhang H., Slutsky A.S., Ignarro L.J., Napoli C. The role of oxidative stress in adult critical care. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 2006; 40 (3): 398–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/ j.freeradbiomed.2005.10.054. PMID: 16443154</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Михальчик Е.В., Будкевич Л.И., Питерская Ю.А., Пеньков Л.Ю., Ас тамирова Т.С., Смолина Н.В., Вахрушева Т.В., Панасенко О.М. Роль миелопероксидазы нейтрофилов в развитии воспаления при тер" мических ожогах кожи. Биомед. химия. 2016; 62 (5): 584–587. http://dx.doi.org/10.18097/PBMC20166205584. PMID: 27797335</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mikhalchik E.V., Budkevich L.I., Piterskaya Y.A., Penkov L.Y., Astamirova T.S., Smolina N.V., Vakhrusheva T.V., Panasenko O.M. The role of neutrophil myeloperoxidase in the development of inflammation after thermal skin burns. Biomed. Khim. 2016; 62 (5): 584–587. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.18097/PBMC20166205584. PMID: 27797335. [In Russ.]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bernal M.E., Varon J., Acosta P., Montagnier L. Oxidative stress in critical care medicine. Int. J. Clin. Pract. 2010; 64 (11): 1480–1488. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1742"1241.2010.02506.x. PMID: 20846195</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bernal M.E., Varon J., Acosta P., Montagnier L. Oxidative stress in critical care medicine. Int. J. Clin. Pract. 2010; 64 (11): 1480–1488 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1742"1241.2010.02506.x. PMID: 20846195</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Weiss J., Kirsner R.S. JID VisualDx Quiz: March 2014. Thermal burn. Burn wounds induce elevated catecholamines. Prolonged neutrophil lifespan delays healing. J. Invest. Dermatol. 2014; 134 (3): e14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jid.2013.546. PMID: 24518115</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Weiss J., Kirsner R.S. JID VisualDx Quiz: March 2014. Thermal burn. Burn wounds induce elevated catecholamines. Prolonged neutrophil lifespan delays healing. J. Invest. Dermatol. 2014; 134 (3): e14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jid.2013.546. PMID: 24518115</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Parment K., Zetterberg A., Ernerudh J., Bakteman K., Steinwall I., Sjoberg F. Long"term immunosuppression in burned patients assessed by in vitro neutrophil oxidative burst (Phagoburst). Burns. 2007; 33 (7): 865–871. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.burns.2006.11.011. PMID: 17537580</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Parment K., Zetterberg A., Ernerudh J., Bakteman K., Steinwall I., Sjoberg F. Long"term immunosuppression in burned patients assessed by in vitro neutrophil oxidative burst (Phagoburst). Burns. 2007; 33 (7): 865–871. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.burns.2006.11.011. PMID: 17537580</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сахаров С.П., Козлов Л.Б. Особенности развития инфекционного процесса, вызванного культивируемыми и некультивируемыми бактериями на фоне ожоговой травмы в эксперименте. Общая ре аниматология. 2015; 11 (5): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.15360/ 1813"9779"2015"5"15"24</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sakharov S.P., Kozlov L.B. Specific features of development of the infec" tious process caused by cultivable and non cultivable bacteria in the presence of experimental burn injury. Obshchaya Reanimatologiya = General Reanimatology. 2015; 11 (5): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.15360/1813"9779"2015"5"15"24. [In Russ., In Engl.]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Карпов О.Э., Гусаров В.Г., Лашенкова Н.Н., Петрова Н.В., Дементи енко М.В., Шилкин Д.Н., Нестерова Е.Е., Замятин М.Н. Реестр мик" роорганизмов как инструмент автоматизированного планирования потребления антибиотиков и контроля антибиотикорезистентнос" ти в отделениях реаниматологии и профильных отделениях. Общая реаниматология. 2016; 12 (6): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.15360/ 1813"9779"2016"6"39"48</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Karpov O.E., Gusarov V.G., Lashenkova N.N., Petrova N.V., Dementienko M.V., Shilkin D.N., Nesterova E.E., Zamyatin M.N. Register of microorganisms as a tool for automated antibiotics consumption planning and monitoring of antibiotic resistance in intensive care units and specilized hospital departments. Obshchaya Reanimatologiya = General Reanimatology. 2016; 12 (6): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.15360/1813"9779"2016"6"39"48. [In Russ., In Engl.]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кулабухов В.В., Рябов Г.А. Современные методы оценки кислород" ного статуса организма и возможности метаболического монито" ринга критических состояний. Кремлевская медицина. Клин. вест ник. 1996; 2: 43–45.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kulabukhov V.V., Ryabov G.A. Current methods of the oxidative status evaluation and the capabilities of metabolic monitoring in critical con" ditions. Kremlevskaya Meditsina. Klinichesky Vestnik. 1996; 2: 43–45. [In Russ.]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cassatella M.A. Hey, brother neutrophil, what are you up to? Semin. Immunol. 28 2016; 28 (2): 81–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.smim. 2016.05.002. PMID: 27179686</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cassatella M.A. Hey, brother neutrophil, what are you up to? Semin. Immunol. 28 2016; 28 (2): 81–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/ j.smim.2016.05.002. PMID: 27179686</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dahlgren C., Karlsson А., Bylund J. Measurement of respiratory burst products generated by professional phagocytes. In: Quinn M.T., DeLeo F.R., Bokoch G.M. (eds.). Neutrophil methods and protocols. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press; 2007: 349–363.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dahlgren C., Karlsson А., Bylund J. Measurement of respiratory burst products generated by professional phagocytes. In: Quinn M.T., DeLeo F.R., Bokoch G.M. (eds.). Neutrophil methods and protocols. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press; 2007: 349–363.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Владимиров Ю.А., Проскурнина Е.В. Свободные радикалы и кле" точная хемилюминесценция. Успехи биол. химии. 2009; 49: 341–388.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vladimirov Yu.A., Proskurnina E.V. Free radicals and cellular chemilumi" nescence. Uspekhi Biologicheskoi Khimii. 2009; 49: 341–388. [In Russ.]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Образцов И.В., Годков М.А. Хемилюминесцентный анализ клеток крови в медицине: история, теория, практика. Молекулярная меди цина. 2013; 4: 3–9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Obraztsov I.V., Godkov M.A. Chemiluminescent analysis of the blood cells in medicine: history, theory, practice. Molekulyarnaya Meditsina. 2013; 4: 3–9. [In Russ.]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Образцов И.В., Годков М.А., Полимова А.М., Демин Е.М., Проскурни на Е.В., Владимиров Ю.А. Оценка функциональной активности нейтрофилов цельной крови методом двухстадийной стимуляции: новый подход к хемилюминесцентному анализу. Рос. иммунол. журнал. 2015; 9 (4): 418–425.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Obraztsov I.V., Godkov M.A., Polimova A.M., Demin E.M., Proskurnina E.V., Vladimirov Yu.A. Evaluation of the functional activity of whole blood neutrophils by a two"stage stimulation: a new approach to the chemiluminescent analysis. Rossiisky Immunologichesky Zhurnal. 2015; 9 (4): 418–425. [In Russ.]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Torabi M., Moeinaddini S., Mirafzal A., Rastegari A., Sadeghkhani N. Shock index, modified shock index, and age shock index for prediction of mortality in Emergency Severity Index level 3. Am. J. Emerg. Med. 2016; 34 (11): 2079–2083. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem. 2016.07.017. PMID: 27461887</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Torabi M., Moeinaddini S., Mirafzal A., Rastegari A., Sadeghkhani N. Shock index, modified shock index, and age shock index for prediction of mortality in Emergency Severity Index level 3. Am. J. Emerg. Med. 2016; 34 (11): 2079"2083. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2016. 07.017. PMID: 27461887</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bone R.C., Balk R.A., Cerra F.B., Dellinger R.P., Fein A.M., Knaus W.A., Schein R.M., Sibbald W.J. Definitions for sepsis and organ failure and guidelines for the use of innovative therapies in sepsis. The ACCP/SCCM Consensus Conference Committee. American College of Chest Physicians/Society of Critical Care Medicine.Chest. 1992; 101 (6): 1644–1655. https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.101.6.1644. PMID: 1303622</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bone R.C., Balk R.A., Cerra F.B., Dellinger R.P., Fein A.M., Knaus W.A., Schein R.M., Sibbald W.J. Definitions for sepsis and organ failure and guidelines for the use of innovative therapies in sepsis. The ACCP/SCCM Consensus Conference Committee. American College of Chest Physicians/Society of Critical Care Medicine.Chest. 1992; 101 (6): 1644–1655. https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.101.6.1644. PMID: 1303622</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Singer M., Deutschman C.S., Seymour C.W., Shankar Hari M., Annane D., Bauer M., Bellomo R., Bernard G.R., Chiche J.D., Coopersmith C.M., Hotchkiss R.S., Levy M.M., Marshall J.C., Martin G.S., Opal S.M., Rubenfeld G.D., van der Poll T., Vincent J.L, Angus D.C. The Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis"3). JAMA. 2016; 315 (8): 801–810. http://dx.doi.org/10. 1001/jama.2016.0287. PMID: 26903338</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Singer M., Deutschman C.S., Seymour C.W., Shankar Hari M., Annane D., Bauer M., Bellomo R., Bernard G.R., Chiche J.D., Coopersmith C.M., Hotchkiss R.S., Levy M.M., Marshall J.C., Martin G.S., Opal S.M., Rubenfeld G.D., van der Poll T., Vincent J.L, Angus D.C. The Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis"3). JAMA. 2016; 315 (8): 801–810. http://dx.doi.org/10. 1001/jama.2016.0287. PMID: 26903338</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Колкер И.И. Инфекция и иммунитет при термических поражени" ях. Хирургия. Журн. им. Н.И.Пирогова. 1980; 5: 17–21. PMID: 6772869</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kolker I.I. Infection and immunity in burns. Khirurgiya. Zhurnal Imeni N.I.Pirogova. 1980; 5: 17–21. PMID: 6772869. [In Russ.]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Маянский А.Н. Патогенетические аспекты нейтрофилзависимых реакций. Патол. физиол. и эксперим. терапия. 1989; 6: 80–85.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mayansky A.N. Pathogenetic aspects of neutrophil"dependant reac" tions. Patologicheskaya Fiziologiya i Eksperimentalnaya Terapiya. 1989; 6: 80–85. [In Russ.]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
