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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rmt</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Общая реаниматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>General Reanimatology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1813-9779</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-7110</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBI "SRIGR" RAMS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15360/1813-9779-2017-2-61-74</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rmt-1586</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЮРИДИЧЕСКИЕ И ЭТИЧЕСКИЕ ВОПРОСЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ETHICAL AND LEGAL ISSUES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Клиническая этика запроса «не реанимировать» и других лимитирующих директив в работе врача анестезиолога-реаниматолога</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Clinical Ethics of the Do-Not-Resuscitate (DNR) Order and Other Advanced Directives in Anesthesia and ICU</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бергер</surname><given-names>Д. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Berger</surname><given-names>J. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зельман</surname><given-names>В. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zelman</surname><given-names>V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">vzelman@med.usc.edu</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мюир</surname><given-names>Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Muir</surname><given-names>H.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Амайя</surname><given-names>Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Amaya</surname><given-names>R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ершова</surname><given-names>К. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ershova</surname><given-names>K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">ksunershova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Департамент анестезиологии медицинской школы Кекка университета южной Калифорнии<country>Соединённые Штаты Америки</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Департамент анестезиологии медицинского центра университета южной Калифорнии и округа Лос Анжделес<country>Соединённые Штаты Америки</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">Сколковский институт науки и технологий (Сколтех)<country>Россия</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>06</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>61</fpage><lpage>74</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бергер Д.М., Зельман В.Л., Мюир Х., Амайя Р., Ершова К.И., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бергер Д.М., Зельман В.Л., Мюир Х., Амайя Р., Ершова К.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Berger J.M., Zelman V., Muir H., Amaya R., Ershova K.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/1586">https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/1586</self-uri><abstract><p>Успешное применение сердечно-легочной реанимации (СЛР) как рутинной практики спасения жизни пациентов в операционных во время анестезии позволило перенять ее для использования в палатах интенсивной терапии, затем во всех других отделениях госпиталей, и, в конечном итоге, внедренить повсеместно даже вне госпиталей. Это привело к возникновению этической дилеммы для пациентов, которые теперь сами должны запрашивать отключения приборов поддержания жизни, а также для их родственников, поставленных в сложную ситуацию при принятии решения вместо находящегося безсознания страдающего близкого человека. В этом обзоре рассматриваются этические принципы, на которые опираются администраторы госпиталей, врачи, пациенты и другие лица, выполняющие моральные обязательства обеспечения безопасности, комфорта и надлежащего лечения. Особое внимание в обзоре обращается на термин — запрос «Не реанимировать» (в англоязычной литературе Do-Not-Resuscitate orders или сокращенно DNR). Очевидно, что запрос «Не реанимировать» не равнозначен отказу от лечения пациента.</p><p> </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Closed chest cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), having been so successful after its introduction in the operating room for saving lives of anesthetized patients, was adopted for use in the intensive care units, then hospital-wide, and finally to out of hospital patients. This has lead to ethical dilemmas involving patients who must themselves request discontinuation of artificial organ function devices and treatments, or placing family members in the difficult positions of having to make those decisions for their unconscious and suffering relatives. In this review, the Ethical principles on which physicians, hospitals, patients, and surrogate decision makers rely in order to apply their perceived moral obligations to provide patient safety, comfort, and treatment are examined with particular emphasis on do not resuscitate orders (DNR). It is clear that DNR does not equate with do not treat.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>СЛР</kwd><kwd>DNR</kwd><kwd>этические принципы</kwd><kwd>этические директивы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>CPR</kwd><kwd>DNR</kwd><kwd>Ethical Principles</kwd><kwd>Advanced Directives</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kouwenhoven W.B., Jude J.R., Knickerbocker G.G. Closed"chest cardiac massage. JAMA. 1960; 173: 1064–1067. https://doi.org/10.1001/ jama.1960.03020280004002. PMID: 14411374</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kouwenhoven W.B., Jude J.R., Knickerbocker G.G. Closed"chest cardiac massage. JAMA. 1960; 173: 1064–1067. https://doi.org/10.1001/ jama.1960.03020280004002. 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