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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rmt</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Общая реаниматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>General Reanimatology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1813-9779</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-7110</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBI "SRIGR" RAMS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15360/1813-9779-2017-3-64-82</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rmt-1593</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ И КРАТКИЕ СООБЩЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS &amp; SHORT COMMUNICATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности периоперационного ведения пожилых больных при эндоскопическом транссфеноидальном удалении опухолей хиазмально-селлярной области</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Peculiarities of the Perioperative Care of Elderly Patients Undergoing Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Removal of Tumors in the Chiasmatic-Sellar Area</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курносов</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurnosov</surname><given-names>Alexey B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125047, г. Москва, 4-я Тверская-Ямская ул., д. 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>16 Tverskaiya-Ymskaiya 4th Str., Moscow 125047</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">stail3311@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лубнин</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lubnin</surname><given-names>Andrey Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125047, г. Москва, 4-я Тверская-Ямская ул., д. 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>16 Tverskaiya-Ymskaiya 4th Str., Moscow 125047</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калинин</surname><given-names>П. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalinin</surname><given-names>Pavel L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125047, г. Москва, 4-я Тверская-Ямская ул., д. 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>16 Tverskaiya-Ymskaiya 4th Str., Moscow 125047</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный Научно-практический центр нейрохирургии им. акад. Н. Н. Бурденко Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N. N. Burdenko National Scientific and Practical Center of Neurosurgery, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>64</fpage><lpage>82</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Курносов А.Б., Лубнин А.Ю., Калинин П.Л., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Курносов А.Б., Лубнин А.Ю., Калинин П.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kurnosov A.B., Lubnin A.Y., Kalinin P.L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/1593">https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/1593</self-uri><abstract><p>В наши дни, в век бурного внедрения в нейрохирургию цифровых и оптико-волоконных технологий, активно развивается метод удаления опухолей хиазмально-селлярной области эндоскопическим эндоназальным транссфеноидальным доступом, который считается малотравматичным и хорошо переносится больными, в результате чего расширияется возможность оперировать соматически отягощенных больных, а также людей старшей возрастной группы. Учитывая эти факты, а также данные мировой статистики, указывающие на неуклонную тенденцию старения населения в развитых странах, в том числе и в России, оптимизация периоперационного ведения пожилых больных, имеющих опухоль хиазмально-селлярной области, становится наиболее приоритетной задачей. Для ее решения в данной статье рассмотрены основные нюансы периоперационного ведения пожилых больных, имеющих патологию хиазмально-селлярной области: особенности их соматического статуса и возможные варианты их предоперационного состояния. Также представлены современные и наиболее приемлемые альтернативные варианты решения этой непростой проблемы: внедрение современных методик анестезии, борьба с послеоперационной когнитивной дисфункцией, послеоперационным болевым синдромом и послеоперационной тошнотой и рвотой. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Nowadays, in the age of rapid introduction of digital and fiber-optic technologies in neurosurgery, a technique for removal of tumors in the chiasmatic-sellar area via an endoscopic transsphenoidal endonasal approach is actively developed; this technique is considered less invasive and is well tolerated by patients, thus permitting to operate patients with somatic complications, as well as the elderly. Taking into account these facts, as well as world statistic data indicating a continuous trend of population aging in developed countries, including Russia, optimization of the perioperative care of elderly patients with a tumor of the chiasmatic-sellar area becomes the problem of highest priority. In order to solve it, this review discusses the basic peculiarities of the perioperative management of elderly patients (characteristics of their somatic status and possible variants of the pre-operational state) with a pathology in the chiasmatic-sellar region; it also presents the modern and most acceptable alternative solutions of this difficult problem (introduction of modern methods of anesthesia, management of the postoperative cognitive dysfunction, postoperative pain syndrome, and postoperative nausea and vomiting). </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пожилые больные с опухолью хиазмально-селлярной области</kwd><kwd>эндоскопический эндоназальный транссфеноидальный доступ</kwd><kwd>трансназальная хирургия</kwd><kwd>нейрохирургия</kwd><kwd>нейроанестезиология</kwd><kwd>регионарная анестезия</kwd><kwd>виды анестезий при проведении транссфеноидальной операции</kwd><kwd>снижение фармакологической нагрузки на пожилого больного</kwd><kwd>блокада крылонебного узла</kwd><kwd>ксенон в нейрохирургии</kwd><kwd>севофлюран</kwd><kwd>анестезия дексмедетомидином</kwd><kwd>послеоперационная тошнота и рвота у нейрохирургических больных</kwd><kwd>послеоперационная когнитивная дисфункция у пожилых</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>elderly patients with a tumor of the chiasmatic-sellar region</kwd><kwd>endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach</kwd><kwd>transnasal surgery</kwd><kwd>neurosurgery</kwd><kwd>neuroanesthesiology</kwd><kwd>regional anesthesia</kwd><kwd>anesthesia types during transsphenoidal surgery</kwd><kwd>reducing the pharmacological load on an elderly patient</kwd><kwd>pterygopalatine ganglion blockade</kwd><kwd>xenon in neurosurgery</kwd><kwd>sevoflurane</kwd><kwd>anesthesia with dexmedetomidine</kwd><kwd>postoperative nausea and vomiting in neurosurgical patients</kwd><kwd>postoperative cognitive dysfunction in the elderly</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Калинин П.Л., Фомичев Д.В., Кутин М.А., Кадашев Б.А., Астафьева Л.И., Шкарубо А.Н., Алексеев С.Н., Фомочкина Л.А. 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