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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rmt</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Общая реаниматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>General Reanimatology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1813-9779</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-7110</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBI "SRIGR" RAMS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15360/1813-9779-2017-5-44-57</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rmt-1624</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Гендерные особенности постреанимационных изменений экспрессии мозгового нейротрофического фактора (BDNF)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Gender Peculiarities of Postresuscitation in the Expression of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аврущенко</surname><given-names>М. Ш.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Avrushchenko</surname><given-names>M. Sh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>107031, г. Москва, ул. Петровка, д. 25, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>25 Petrovka Str., Build. 2, Moscow 107031</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Острова</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ostrova</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>107031, г. Москва, ул. Петровка, д. 25, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>25 Petrovka Str., Build. 2, Moscow 107031</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гречко</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grechko</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>107031, г. Москва, ул. Петровка, д. 25, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>25 Petrovka Str., Build. 2, Moscow 107031</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">НИИ общей реаниматологии им. В. А. Неговского ФНКЦ реаниматологии и реабилитологии<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">V. A. Negovsky Research Institute of General Reanimatology, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>01</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>44</fpage><lpage>57</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Аврущенко М.Ш., Острова И.В., Гречко А.В., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Аврущенко М.Ш., Острова И.В., Гречко А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Avrushchenko M.S., Ostrova I.V., Grechko A.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/1624">https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/1624</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: выявить половые особенности постреанимационных сдвигов экспрессии BDNF и сопряженных с ними процессов гибели нейронов.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. На разных сроках постреанимационного периода (1-, 4-, 7-, 14-е сутки) исследовали состояние высокочувствительных к гипоксии нейрональных популяций (пирамидные нейроны гиппокампа и клетки Пуркинье мозжечка) у белых половозрелых самок крыс, перенесших 10-минутную остановку системного кровообращения (пережатие сосудистого пучка сердца). Контролем служили ложнооперированные животные. Проводили иммуногистохимическое выявление BDNF-иммунореактивных нейронов с последующим определением оптической плотности, числа клеток с разным уровнем экспрессии BDNF и общего числа нейронов на 1 мм длины их слоя. В работе использованы системы анализа изображений (компьютер Intel, микроскоп Olympus BX-41, программы ImadgeScopeM, ImageJ 1,48v, Excel 2007). Статистическую обработку данных проводили в программе Statistica 7.0. с использованием критериев λ Колмогорова-Смирнова, U-критерия Манна-Уитни и t-критерия Стьюдента.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Установлена динамика постреанимационных сдвигов BDNF-иммунореактивности высокочувствительных к гипоксии нейрональных популяций. Показано, что в популяции клеток Пуркинье у самок происходят изменения уровня экспрессии BDNF, что сопровождается гибелью нейронов. Выявлено, что эти сдвиги развиваются позднее, чем у самцов — к 7-м суткам постреанимационного периода. Существенно, что гибели подвергаются только BDNF-негативные и слабопозитивные нервные клетки. В популяции пирамидных клеток гиппокампа у самок, в отличие от самцов, не происходило изменений BDNF-иммунореактивности, и процесс гибели нейронов не развивался.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Выявлены гендерные особенности развития постреанимационных сдвигов уровня экспрессии BDNF и сопряженных с ними процессов гибели нейронов. Показано, что после остановки сердца одинаковой длительности у самок постреанимационные сдвиги уровня экспрессии BDNF и процессы гибели нейронов выражены меньше, чем у самцов. В то же время, у животных обоего пола проявляются общие закономерности постреанимационных изменений мозга, свидетельствующие о взаимосвязи уровня экспрессии BDNF в нейронах с их устойчивостью к ишемии-реперфузии. Обсуждаются гендерные особенности повреждения мозга и их значение для понимания механизмов развития постгипоксических энцефалопатий. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose: to identify gender peculiarities of postresuscitation shifts in BDNF expression and neuronal death.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. At different points of the postresuscitation period (days 1-, 4-, 7-, and 14), the condition of highly sensitive to hypoxia neuronal populations (pyramidal neurons of hippocampus and Purkinje cells of cerebellum) were studied in white mature female rats exposed to a 10-minute stop of systemic blood circulation (compression of vascular fascicle of the heart). Sham operated animals were used as the control. Immunohistochemical detection of BDNF-immunoreactive neurons followed with determination of optical density, number of cells with different levels of BDNF expression, and total count of neurons per 1 mm of the length of their layer was carried out. The work was done using the image analysis system (computer Intel, microscope Olympus BX-41, software ImadgeScopeM, ImageJ 1,48v, Excel 2007). Statistic processing of data was performed with the aid of Statistica 7.0 using Kolmogorov-Smirnov λ test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Student's t-test.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The dynamics of postresuscitation shifts in BDNF-immunoreactivity of neuronal populations highly sensitive to hypoxia was studied in rats. Purkinje cells population in tissue slides from brain specimens harvested from female rats the alterations in BDNF expression became evident. This pattern was accompanied by the death of neurons. Those shifts in female animals were found to develop later than in male rats — by day 7 of the postresuscitation. Only BDNF-negative and BDNF-weakly positive neurons not survived postresuscitation. In the population of pyramidal cells of hippocampus in females, in contrast to males, there were no quantitative changes in BDNF molecules as revealed by immunohistochemistry and neuronal death process did not develop.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Gender peculiarities in the development of postresuscitation shifts in BDNF expression and associated therewith death of neurons were revealed. It was shown that after cardiac arrest of the same duration, the postresuscitation shifts in BDNF expression and neuronal death manifested mostly in males compared to females. At the same time, animals of both genders demonstrate common postresuscitation brain alterations evidencing connection between the level of BDNF expression in neurons and their resistance to ischemia-reperfusion. Gender-specific patterns of brain damage and their importance for understanding the mechanisms of post-hypoxic encephalopathies are discussed. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мозговой нейротрофический фактор (BDNF)</kwd><kwd>гендерные особенности</kwd><kwd>постреанимационный период</kwd><kwd>гибель нейронов</kwd><kwd>пирамидные клетки</kwd><kwd>гиппокамп</kwd><kwd>клетки Пуркинье</kwd><kwd>мозжечок</kwd><kwd>иммуногистохимия</kwd><kwd>оптическая плотность</kwd><kwd>морфометрический анализ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)</kwd><kwd>gender peculiarities</kwd><kwd>postresuscitation period</kwd><kwd>neuronal death</kwd><kwd>pyramidal cells</kwd><kwd>hippocampus</kwd><kwd>Purkinje cells</kwd><kwd>cerebellum</kwd><kwd>immunohistochemistry</kwd><kwd>optic density</kwd><kwd>morphometric study</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Волков А.В., Аврущенко М.Ш., Горенкова Н.А., Заржецкий Ю.В. 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