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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rmt</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Общая реаниматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>General Reanimatology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1813-9779</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-7110</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBI "SRIGR" RAMS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15360/1813-9779-2018-3-15-26</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rmt-1687</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРАКТИКУЮЩЕМУ ВРАЧУ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>FOR PRACTIONER</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Осложнения со стороны желудочно-кишечного тракта при антитромботической терапии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Gastro-Intestinal Tract Complications During Antithrombotic  Therapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мороз</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Moroz</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>105229, г. Москва, Госпитальная Площадь, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">evmoroz777@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Артемкин</surname><given-names>Э. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Artemkin</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>105229, г. Москва, Госпитальная Площадь, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крюков</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kryukov</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>105229, г. Москва, Госпитальная Площадь, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чернецов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernetsov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>105229, г. Москва, Госпитальная Площадь, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Главный военный клинический госпиталь им. Н. Н. Бурденко</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N. N. Burdenko Central Military Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>07</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>15</fpage><lpage>26</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мороз Е.В., Артемкин Э.Н., Крюков Е.В., Чернецов В.А., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мороз Е.В., Артемкин Э.Н., Крюков Е.В., Чернецов В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Moroz E.V., Artemkin E.N., Kryukov E.V., Chernetsov V.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/1687">https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/1687</self-uri><abstract><p>Использование антитромботических средств (АТС) играет важную роль в предупреждении угрожающих жизни кардиоваскулярных осложнений. К сожалению, применение АТС ассоциируется с широком спектром нежелательных реакций со стороны пищеварительной системы. Повсеместное, неуклонно растущее использование АТС делает эту проблему одной из наиболее актуальных  для современной  медицины.</p><p>Цель исследования — изучить характер повреждения пищеварительной системы у больных, принимавших АТС.</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Обследовали 672 больных, 91,0% мужчин, 46,7±17,4 лет с изменениями со стороны пищеварительной системы, возникшими на фоне приема различных АТС. Из них: 71 поступил для лечения после желудочно-кишечного (ЖК)-кровотечения, остальные — в связи с наличием жалоб со стороны пищеварительной системы или выявления эрозивно-язвенных изменений пищеварительной системы в результате  эндоскопического исследования. Оценивали: источники ЖК-кровотечения, характер жалоб, эндоскопическую картину в зависимости от приема различных АТС (низкие дозы аспирина, варфарин, клопидагрел, дабигатран, ривароксабан, низкомолекулярный гепарин, комбинированная терапия), а также наличие факторов риска ЖК-осложнений.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Источниками ЖК-кровотечения (n=71) были язвы и/или эрозии  желудка  — 39,4%, язвы и/или эрозии двенадцатиперстной кишки (ДПК) — 21,1%, язвы или эрозии толстой кишки — 28,2%, источник остался неизвестен  в 11,3% случаев. Большинство из 672 обследованных больных имели жалобы на чувство тяжести в эпигастрии — 62,8%, гастралгии — 46,7%, изжогу — 34,3%. При эндоскопическом обследовании эрозивный эзофагит были выявлен у 13,2%, язвы желудка и/или ДПК у 11,6%, множественные (  10) эрозии желудка  или  ДПК  у 17,1%, единичные  эрозии  желудка  или  ДПК  у 24,4%, отсутствие  эрозивно-язвенных изменений лишь у 32,3%. H.pylori был выявлен  у 57,9% больных. Существенных отличий  в структуре  изменений верхних отделов пищеварительной системы у пациентов, получавших различные АТС, не было, за исключением  более высокой  частоты  эрозивного  эзофагита  у принимавших дабигатран  (16,8%).  Пожилой возраст (  65 лет), язвенный анамнез, сопутствующий прием НПВП, H.pylori и курение ассоциировались с достоверно  большей частотой патологических изменений пищеварительной системы. Наличие гастралгий не коррелировало с развитием эрозивно-язвенных изменений.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. У большинства пациентов, получавших АТС, отмечается появление эрозивно-язвенных изменений пищеварительной системы, которые могут стать источником кровотечения.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Use of antithrombotic aids (ATA)  significantly  impact  the prevention of life-threatening cardiovascular complications. ATA applications, however, are associated with a wide range of adverse digestive system responses. Due to, continuously growing clinical use of ATA this problem has become a current challenge of contemporary medicine.</p><p>Purpose of the study was to evaluate the patterns of digestive system damage in patients receiving ATA.</p><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. 672 patients were examined, 91.0% males, 46.7±17.4 years of age, who had digestive system changes that  occurred  due to ATA intake. 71 patients were admitted for treatment after gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding; other  patients were hospitalized  because of disorders  of the digestive  system or erosive and ulcerous changes of the digestive  system detected by endoscopy.  The following parameters were  evaluated:  GI bleeding sources, character of complaints,  the endoscopic patterns due to intake of different ATAs (low doses of aspirin, warfarin, clopidogrel,  dabigatran, rivaroxaban, low-molecular  heparin,  combined  therapy), and of risk factors for GI complications.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The sources of GI bleeding (n=71) included  gastric ulcers and/or erosions (39.4%), duodenum ulcers and/or erosions (21.1%), colon ulcers and/or erosions (28.2%), unknown  (11.3%). The majority of 672 patients noticed  various  complaints:  sensation  of heaviness  in epigastrium (62.8%),  gastralgia  (46.7%),  burning  sensation (34.3%). Endoscopy found erosive esophagitis (13.2%), ulcers in stomach and/or duodenum (11.6%), multiple (  10) erosions of stomach or duodenum (17.1%), sporadic erosions of stomach or duodenum (24.4%). In 32.3% cases no erosive or ulcerous alterations were found. H. pylori was identified in 57.9% of patients. There was no significant difference in character of alterations in the upper digestive system between patients who received different ATA treatment, except of frequent erosive esophagitis in those patients who received dabigatran (16.8%). The elderly age (  65 years), ulcer history, concomitant intake of NSAIDS, H. pylori presence, and smoking habit were associated with a higher occurrence of pathological alterations of digestive system. Presence  of gastralgia  did not correlate with the development of erosive and ulcerous alterations.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. In majority of patients who received ATA, the commonly observed erosive and ulcerous alterations in the digestive system might become a source of bleeding.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>осложнения</kwd><kwd>пищеварительная система</kwd><kwd>кровотечения</kwd><kwd>эрозивный эзофагит</kwd><kwd>эрозии</kwd><kwd>язвы</kwd><kwd>H.pylori</kwd><kwd>факторы риска</kwd><kwd>антитромботическая  терапия</kwd><kwd>аспирин</kwd><kwd>варфарин</kwd><kwd>клопидагрел</kwd><kwd>дабигатран</kwd><kwd>ривароксабан</kwd><kwd>низкомолекулярный гепарин</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>complications</kwd><kwd>digestive system</kwd><kwd>bleeding</kwd><kwd>erosive esophagitis</kwd><kwd>erosions</kwd><kwd>ulcers</kwd><kwd>H.pylori</kwd><kwd>risk factors</kwd><kwd>antithrombotic therapy</kwd><kwd>aspirin</kwd><kwd>warfarin</kwd><kwd>clopidogrel</kwd><kwd>dabigatran</kwd><kwd>rivaroxaban</kwd><kwd>low-molecular heparin</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мороз Е.В., Каратеев А.Е., Крюков Е.В., Чернецов В.А. 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