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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rmt</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Общая реаниматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>General Reanimatology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1813-9779</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-7110</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBI "SRIGR" RAMS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15360/1813-9779-2018-6-12-22</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rmt-1721</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ ПРАКТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL PRACTICE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Изменения системной гемодинамики при ортостазе у пациентов с длительными нарушениями сознания</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Changes in Systemic Hemodynamics in Orthostasis in Patients With Long-Term Impairment of Consciousness</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дороговцев</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dorogovtsev</surname><given-names>Viktor N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>107031, г. Москва, ул. Петровка, д. 25, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>25 Petrovka Str., Bldg. 2, 107031 Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vicdor@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скворцов</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Skvortsov</surname><given-names>Artem E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>107031, г. Москва, ул. Петровка, д. 25, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>25 Petrovka Str., Bldg. 2, 107031 Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юдина</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yudina</surname><given-names>Elena A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>107031, г. Москва, ул. Петровка, д. 25, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>25 Petrovka Str., Bldg. 2, 107031 Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФНКЦ реаниматологии и реабилитологии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>12</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>12</fpage><lpage>22</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Дороговцев В.Н., Скворцов А.Е., Юдина Е.А., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Дороговцев В.Н., Скворцов А.Е., Юдина Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dorogovtsev V.N., Skvortsov A.E., Yudina E.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/1721">https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/1721</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования: изучить показатели системной гемодинамики и степень ее устойчивости в процессе вертикализации у пациентов с длительными нарушениями сознания в посткоматозном периоде повреждений головного мозга.Материалы и методы. В исследование включили 30 пациентов с длительными нарушениями сознания, вызванными тяжелыми повреждениями головного мозга (1-я группа), 10 из которых были в вегетативном состоянии (ВС) и 20 — с синдромом малого сознания (СМС). Тяжелая черепно-мозговая травма была наиболее частой причиной длительных нарушений сознания (53,3%), другие причины были связаны с тяжелыми нарушениями мозгового кровообращения (13,4%), с последствиями разрыва аневризм артерий головного мозга (10%), с постгипоксическим повреждением головного мозга (10%), с последствиями удаления опухолей головного мозга (13,3%). Вторую группу составили 24 пациента с локальными неврологическими симптомами после нарушений мозгового кровообращения. В третью группу включили 40 здоровых добровольцев. Контроль показателей системной гемодинамики осуществляли с помощью многофункционального монитора TFM 3040i (CNSystem Австрия). Измерения артериального давления (АД), частоты сердечных сокращений (ЧСС), ударного объема сердца (УО), минутного объема сердца (МОК) и общего периферического сопротивления (ОПС) осуществляли в реальном масштабе времени. Статистический анализ проводили с помощью пакета статистических программ «Статистика-10».Результаты. У 26 пациентов 1-й группы (86%) не выявили существенных изменений гемодинамики при наклонах на 30° и 60°, у 3-х пациентов данной группы при наклоне на 30° появились признаки ортостатической гипотензии и у 1-го пациента — синдром постуральной ортостатической тахикардии (СПОТ). Сравнительный анализ показателей гемодинамики у пациентов первой и второй групп не выявил значимых различий, кроме достоверно более высоких значений ЧСС и более низких величин УО в первой группе. Показатели системной гемодинамики в горизонтальном положении достоверно отличались у здоровых добровольцев, и характеризовались более высокими значениями УО и МОК и более низкими значениями АД, ЧСС и ОПС по сравнению с пациентами 1 и 2 групп.Заключение. В настоящем исследовании выявили гипокинетический тип кровообращения у всех пациентов с повреждениями головного мозга, более выраженный у пациентов с длительными нарушениями сознания после тяжелых повреждений головного мозга. У большинства пациентов данной группы наблюдали удовлетворительную ортостатическую стабильность гемодинамики, в 14% случаев были выявлены разные типы ортостатических нарушений. Пассивная ортостатическая проба, 0—30—60°, примененная в настоящем исследовании, позволила диагностировать ортостатические нарушения при незначительном наклоне до появления клинических симптомов гипоперфузии головного мозга. Это свидетельствует о необходимости проведения гемодинамического мониторинга на начальных этапах вертикализации пациентов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The purpose of the study: to study hemodynamic parameters and the degree of its orthostatic stability during verticalization in patients with long-term impairment of consciousness in post-comatose period of brain damage.Materials and methods. This study included 30 patients with long-term impairment of consciousness caused by severe brain damage (Group 1), 10 of whom were in a vegetative state (VS) and 20 patients had a minimally conscious state (MCS). A severe traumatic brain injury was the most frequent cause of long-term disorders of consciousness (53.3%), other causes were associated with severe disorders of cerebral circulation (13.4%) and following consequences: rupture of cerebral aneurysms (10%), or post-hypoxic brain damage (10%), or removal of brain tumors (13.3%). The second group was comprised of 24 patients with local neurological symptoms after cerebral circulation disorders. The third group included 40 healthy volunteers. Systemic hemodynamic parameters were monitored using a multifunctional monitor TFM 3040i (CNSystem Austria) . Blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO), and total peripheral resistance (TPR) were measured in real time. The statistical analysis was carried out using the Statistica-10 software package.Results. 26 patients of the first group (86%) demonstrated satisfactory hemodynamic stability in the tilt test at 30° and 60°; 3 patients of this group presented signs of orthostatic hypotension and 1 patient developed postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (SPOT) when tilted by 30°. A comparative analysis of hemodynamic parameters in patients of the first and second groups did not demonstrate significant differences, except for significantly higher HR values and lower SV values in the first group. Parameters of systemic hemodynamics in the horizontal position were significantly different in healthy volunteers, and were characterized by higher SV and CO values and lower BP, HR and TPR values as compared to patients of groups 1 and 2.Conclusion. This study demonstrated a hypokinetic type of blood circulation in all patients with brain lesions; it was more severe in patients with long-term impaired consciousness after severe brain damage. The majority of patients in this group presented satisfactory orthostatic hemodynamic stability; different types of orthostatic disorders were found in 14% of cases. A passive orthostatic test (0—30—60°) applied in this study allowed to diagnose orthostatic disorders at a slight tilt up to the onset of clinical symptoms of brain hypoperfusion. This indicates the need for hemodynamic monitoring in the early stages of patients' verticalization.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вегетативное состояние</kwd><kwd>синдром малого сознания</kwd><kwd>пассивная ортостатическая проба</kwd><kwd>системная гемодинамика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>vegetative state</kwd><kwd>minimally conscious state</kwd><kwd>passive orthostatic test</kwd><kwd>systemic hemodynamics</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gardner A.J., Zafonte R. Neuroepidemiology of traumatic brain injury. Handb. Clin. Neurol. 2016; 138: 207–223. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12802973-2.00012-4. 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