rmtОбщая реаниматологияGeneral Reanimatology1813-97792411-7110FSBI "SRIGR" RAMS10.15360/1813-9779-2019-2-53-78rmt-1750Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ И КРАТКИЕ СООБЩЕНИЯREVIEWS & SHORT COMMUNICATIONSПериоперационные повреждение миокарда и сердечная недостаточность в некардиальной хирургии (обзор). Часть 1. Этиопатогенез и прогнозирование периоперационных кардиальных осложненийPerioperative Myocardial Damage and Heart Failure in Noncardiac Surgery. Part 1. Etiopathogenesis and Prognosis of Perioperative Cardiac Complications (Review)КозловИ. А.KozlovI. A.

Игорь Александрович Козлов 

129110, г. Москва, ул. Щепкина, д. 61/2

Igor A. Kozlov

61/2 Shchepkin Str., 129110 Moscow

 

iakozlov@mail.ruОвезовА. М.OvezovA. M.

129110, г. Москва, ул. Щепкина, д. 61/2

Alexey M. Ovezov

61/2 Shchepkin Str., 129110 Moscow

ПетровскаяЭ. Л.PetrovskayaE. L.

129110, г. Москва, ул. Щепкина, д. 61/2

Eleanor L. Petrovskaya

61/2 Shchepkin Str., 129110 Moscow

Московский областной научно-исследовательский клинический институт им. М. Ф. ВладимирскогоРоссияM. F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research Clinical InstituteRussian Federation2019300420191525378Copyright © Козлов И.А., Овезов А.М., Петровская Э.Л., 20192019Козлов И.А., Овезов А.М., Петровская Э.Л.Kozlov I.A., Ovezov A.M., Petrovskaya E.L.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/1750

Цель публикации – предоставить научно-практическую информацию по оценке риска развития миокардиальных повреждений после некардиохирургических операций (МПНО): ишемии или инфаркта миокарда (ИМ), и/или сердечной недостаточности (СН) и их предупреждению у взрослых пациентов. Настоящий обзор литературы состоит из двух частей. В 1-й части пронализированы эпидемиология, этипатогенез и методы прогнозирования риска ПОКО, во 2-й — возможности адъювантной фармакологической кардиопротекции, а также подходы к оптимизации анестезиологического обеспечения оперативных вмешательств у больных высокого кардиального риска.

Проблема периоперационных кардиальных осложнений в некардиальной хирургии является одной из актуальных комплексных проблем современной медицины. В соответствии с современными представлениями МПНО стали рассматривают в качестве отдельного варианта патологического процесса в сердечной мышце. По данным обширных исследований у взрослых больных около 40% летальности при некардиальных оперативных вмешательствах обусловлено различными вариантами МПНО и/или СН. Особую актуальность рассматриваемая проблема имеет при оказании медицинской помощи пожилым.

The purpose of this paper is to provide scientific and practical information on assessment of the risk of myocardical damage development after noncardiac operations (NOMD): ischemia or myocardial infarction (MI), and/or heart failure (HF) and their prevention in adult patients. This overview of literature consists of two parts. The first part analyzes epidemiology, etiopathogeneis, and POCC risk prediction methods; the second part describes the possibilities of adjuvant pharmacological cardioprotection and approaches to optimizing anesthesiological support of operative interventions in high cardiac risk patients.

The problem of perioperative cardiac complications in noncardiac surgey is one of relevant complex issues of contemporary medicine. In line with contemporary views, NOMD is now regarded as a separate variant of a pathological process in the heart muscle. According to extensive studies, about 40% of mortality of adult patients during non-cardial operative inverventions are caused by various NOMD and/or HF. The problem under discussion is particularly relevant when medical assistance is rendered to elderly patients.

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PMID: 17950159American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines; American Society of Echocardiography; American Society of Nuclear Cardiology; Heart Rhythm Society; Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists; Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions; Society for Vascular Medicine; Society for Vascular Surgery; Fleisher L.A., Beckman J.A., Brown K.A., Calkins H., Chaikof E.L., Fleischmann K.E., Freeman W.K., Froehlich J.B., Kasper E.K., Kersten J.R., Riegel B., Robb J.F. 2009 ACCF/AHA focused update on perioperative beta blockade incorporated into the ACC/AHA 2007 guidelines on perioperative cardiovascular evaluation and care for noncardiac surgery. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2009; 54 (22): e13–e118. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2009.07.010. PMID: 19926002American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines; American Society of Echocardiography; American Society of Nuclear Cardiology; Heart Rhythm Society; Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists; Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions; Society for Vascular Medicine; Society for Vascular Surgery; Fleisher L.A., Beckman J.A., Brown K.A., Calkins H., Chaikof E.L., Fleischmann K.E., Freeman W.K., Froehlich J.B., Kasper E.K., Kersten J.R., Riegel B., Robb J.F. 2009 ACCF/AHA focused update on perioperative beta blockade incorporated into the ACC/AHA 2007 guidelines on perioperative cardiovascular evaluation and care for noncardiac surgery. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2009; 54 (22): e13–e118. 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[In Russ.]Writing Committee for the VISION Study Investigators; Devereaux P.J., Biccard B.M., Sigamani A., Xavier D., Chan M.T.V., Srinathan S.K., Walsh M., Abraham V., Pearse R., Wang C.Y., Sessler D.I., Kurz A., Szczeklik W., Berwanger O., Villar J.C., Malaga G., Garg A.X., Chow C.K., Ackland G., Patel A., Borges F.K., Belley-Cote E.P., Duceppe E., Spence J., Tandon V., Williams C., Sapsford R.J., Polanczyk C.A., Tiboni M., Alonso-Coello P., Faruqui A., Heels-Ansdell D., Lamy A., Whitlock R., LeManach Y., Roshanov P.S., McGillion M., Kavsak P., McQueen M.J., Thabane L., Rodseth R.N., Buse G.A.L., Bhandari M., Garutti I., Jacka M.J., Schünemann H.J., Cortes O.L., Coriat P., Dvirnik N., Botto F., Pettit S., Jaffe A.S., Guyatt G.H. Association of postoperative high-sensitivity Troponin levels with myocardial injury and 30-day mortality among patients undergoing noncardiac surgery. JAMA. 2017; 317 (16): 1642–1651. DOI: 10.1001/jama.2017.4360. PMID: 28444280Writing Committee for the VISION Study Investigators; Devereaux P.J., Biccard B.M., Sigamani A., Xavier D., Chan M.T.V., Srinathan S.K., Walsh M., Abraham V., Pearse R., Wang C.Y., Sessler D.I., Kurz A., Szczeklik W., Berwanger O., Villar J.C., Malaga G., Garg A.X., Chow C.K., Ackland G., Patel A., Borges F.K., Belley-Cote E.P., Duceppe E., Spence J., Tandon V., Williams C., Sapsford R.J., Polanczyk C.A., Tiboni M., Alonso-Coello P., Faruqui A., Heels-Ansdell D., Lamy A., Whitlock R., LeManach Y., Roshanov P.S., McGillion M., Kavsak P., McQueen M.J., Thabane L., Rodseth R.N., Buse G.A.L., Bhandari M., Garutti I., Jacka M.J., Schünemann H.J., Cortes O.L., Coriat P., Dvirnik N., Botto F., Pettit S., Jaffe A.S., Guyatt G.H. Association of postoperative high-sensitivity Troponin levels with myocardial injury and 30-day mortality among patients undergoing noncardiac surgery. JAMA. 2017; 317 (16): 1642–1651. DOI: 10.1001/jama.2017.4360. PMID: 28444280Botto F., Alonso-Coello P., Chan M.T., Villar J.C., Xavier D., Srinathan S., Guyatt G., Cruz P., Graham M., Wang C.Y., Berwanger O., Pearse R.M., Biccard B.M., Abraham V., Malaga G., Hillis G.S., Rodseth R.N., Cook D., Polanczyk C.A., Szczeklik W., Sessler D.I., Sheth T., Ackland G.L., Leuwer M., Garg A.X., Lemanach Y., Pettit S., Heels-Ansdell D., Luratibuse G., Walsh M., Sapsford R., Schünemann H.J., Kurz A., Thomas S., Mrkobrada M., Thabane L., Gerstein H., Paniagua P., Nagele P., Raina P., Yusuf S., Devereaux P.J., Devereaux P.J., Sessler D.I., Walsh M., Guyatt G., McQueen M.J., Bhandari M., Cook D., Bosch J., Buckley N., Yusuf S., Chow C.K., Hillis G.S., Halliwell R., Li S., Lee V.W., Mooney J., Polanczyk C.A., Furtado M.V., Berwanger O., Suzumura E., Santucci E., Leite K., Santo J.A., Jardim C.A., Cavalcanti A.B., Guimaraes H.P., Jacka M.J., Graham M., McAlister F., McMurtry S., Townsend D., Pannu N., Bagshaw S., Bessissow A., Bhandari M., Duceppe E., Eikelboom J., Ganame J., Hankinson J., Hill S., Jolly S., Lamy A., Ling E., Magloire P., Pare G., Reddy D., Szalay D., Tittley J., Weitz J., Whitlock R., Darvish-Kazim S., Debeer J., Kavsak P., Kearon C., Mizera R., O’Donnell M., McQueen M., Pinthus J., Ribas S., Simunovic M., Tandon V., Vanhelder T., Winemaker M., Gerstein H., McDonald S., O’Bryne P., Patel A., Paul J., Punthakee Z., Raymer K., Salehian O., Spencer F., Walter S., Worster A., Adili A., Clase C., Cook D., Crowther M., Douketis J., Gangji A., Jackson P., Lim W., Lovrics P., Mazzadi S., Orovan W., Rudkowski J., Soth M., Tiboni M., Acedillo R., Garg A., Hildebrand A., Lam N., Macneil D., Mrkobrada M., Roshanov P.S., Srinathan S.K., Ramsey C., John P.S., Thorlacius L., Siddiqui F.S., Grocott H.P., McKay A., Lee T.W., Amadeo R., Funk D., McDonald H., Zacharias J., Villar J.C., Cortés O.L., Chaparro M.S., Vásquez S., Castañeda A., Ferreira S., Coriat P., Monneret D., Goarin J.P., Esteve C.I., Royer C., Daas G., Chan M.T., Choi G.Y., Gin T., Lit L.C., Xavier D., Sigamani A., Faruqui A., Dhanpal R., Almeida S., Cherian J., Furruqh S., Abraham V., Afzal L., George P., Mala S., Schünemann H., Muti P., Vizza E., Wang C.Y., Ong G.S., Mansor M., Tan A.S., Shariffuddin I.I., Vasanthan V., Hashim N.H., Undok A.W., Ki U., Lai H.Y., Ahmad W.A., Razack A.H., Malaga G., Valderrama-Victoria V., Loza-Herrera J.D., De Los Angeles Lazo M., Rotta-Rotta A., Szczeklik W., Sokolowska B., Musial J., Gorka J., Iwaszczuk P., Kozka M., Chwala M., Raczek M., Mrowiecki T., Kaczmarek B., Biccard B., Cassimjee H., Gopalan D., Kisten T., Mugabi A., Naidoo P., Naidoo R., Rodseth R., Skinner D., Torborg A., Paniagua P., Urrutia G., Maestre M.L., Santaló M., Gonzalez R., Font A., Martínez C., Pelaez X., De Antonio M., Villamor J.M., García J.A., Ferré M.J., Popova E., Alonso-Coello P., Garutti I., Cruz P., Fernández C., Palencia M., Díaz S., Del Castillo T., Varela A., de Miguel A., Muñoz M., Piñeiro P., Cusati G., Del Barrio M., Membrillo M.J., Orozco D., Reyes F., Sapsford R.J., Barth J., Scott J., Hall A., Howell S., Lobley M., Woods J., Howard S., Fletcher J., Dewhirst N., Williams C., Rushton A., Welters I., Leuwer M., Pearse R., Ackland G., Khan A., Niebrzegowska E., Benton S., Wragg A., Archbold A., Smith A., McAlees E., Ramballi C., Macdonald N., Januszewska M., Stephens R., Reyes A., Paredes L.G., Sultan P., Cain D., Whittle J., Del Arroyo A.G., Sessler D.I., Kurz A., Sun Z., Finnegan P.S., Egan C., Honar H., Shahinyan A., Panjasawatwong K., Fu A.Y., Wang S., Reineks E., Nagele P., Blood J., Kalin M., Gibson D., Wildes T. Myocardial injury after noncardiac surgery: a large, international, prospective cohort study establishing diagnostic criteria, characteristics, predictors, and 30-day outcomes. Anesthesiology. 2014: 120 (3): 564–578. DOI: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000000113. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.