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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rmt</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Общая реаниматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>General Reanimatology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1813-9779</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-7110</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBI "SRIGR" RAMS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15360/1813-9779-2019-1-21-31</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rmt-1786</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И ПРАКТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL STUDIES AND PRACTICE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние методов неинвазивной респираторной поддержки на газообмен у кардиохирургических больных с послеоперационной дыхательной недостаточностью</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Influence of Noninvasive Respiratory Support Techniques on Gas Exchange in Cardiac Surgical Patients Suffering from Post-Operative Respiratory Failure</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Еременко</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Eremenko</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119435, г. Москва, Абрикосовский пер., д. 2, </p><p>119146, г. Москва, Большая Пироговская ул., 19, стр. 1 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander A. Eremenko</p><p>2 Abrikosov lane, 119435 Moscow, </p><p>19 Bolshaya Pirogovskaya Str., Bldg. 1, 119146 Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полякова</surname><given-names>П. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polyakova</surname><given-names>Р. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Полина Владимировна Полякова </p><p>119435, г. Москва, Абрикосовский пер., д. 2 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Polina V. Polyakova</p><p>2 Abrikosov lane, 119435 Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">polyakova_polina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Выжигина</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vyzhigina</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119435, г. Москва, Абрикосовский пер., д. 2, </p><p>119146, г. Москва, Большая Пироговская ул., 19, стр. 1 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Margarita A. Vyzhigina</p><p>2 Abrikosov lane, 119435 Moscow, </p><p>19 Bolshaya Pirogovskaya Str., Bldg. 1, 119146 Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский научный центр хирургии им. Б. В. Петровского;&#13;
Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И. М. Сеченова Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>B.V. Petrovsky Russian Scientific Center of Surgery;&#13;
I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский научный центр хирургии им. Б. В. Петровского</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>B.V. Petrovsky Russian Scientific Center of Surgery</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>09</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>21</fpage><lpage>31</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Еременко А.А., Полякова П.В., Выжигина М.А., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Еременко А.А., Полякова П.В., Выжигина М.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eremenko A.A., Polyakova Р.V., Vyzhigina M.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/1786">https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/1786</self-uri><abstract><p>Дыхательная недостаточность (ДН) после экстубации трахеи возникает у 5–25% кардиохирургических больных. Для лечения ДН доступны различные методы неинвазивной респираторной поддержки.</p><p>Цель исследования — сравнительная оценка влияния на газообмен ингаляции кислорода через маску с предварительным объемом, неинвазивной масочной вентиляции с положительным давлением в дыхательных путях и высокопоточной вентиляции легких при постэкстубационной дыхательной недостаточности у кардиохирургических больных.</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В исследование включили 52 кардиохирургических пациента с постэкстубационной дыхательной недостаточностью (средний возраст 61 (55–67) лет). Критериями дыхательной недостаточности являлись: соотношение PaO2/FiO2 _ 300 мм рт. ст. или SpO2 _ 88% при дыхании атмосферным воздухом. Критериями исключения было наличие у пациентов плеврального выпота, пневмоторакса, пареза диафрагмы. Каждому пациенту последовательно проводили анализ газового состава артериальной крови при дыхании атмосферным воздухом, низкопоточной терапии кислородом с помощью маски с предварительным объемом, высокопоточной вентиляции (ВПВ) и неинвазивной масочной вентиляции легких с положительным давлением (НИМВЛ). Продолжительность применения каждого метода до взятия анализа составляла 1 час. Частоту дыхательных движений (ЧДД) и сатурацию капиллярной крови (SpO2) мониторировали на протяжении всего исследования.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Соотношение PaO2/FiO2 во время низкопоточной оксигенотерапии составило 171 (137– 243) мм рт. ст. На фоне ВПВ данный показатель увеличился до 235 (183–305) мм рт. ст. (p=0,00004), а при переходе на НИМВЛ — до 228 (180–288) мм рт. ст. (p=0,000028). При этом SpO2 на ВПВ и НИМВЛ увеличивалось с 95 (93–98)% до 98 (96–99)% (p=0,000006) и 97 (95–98)% соответственно (p=0,000006 и p=0,000069). PaCO2 было выше при дыхании кислородной маской, чем на воздухе — 41 (37–44) мм рт. ст. и 38 (34–42) мм рт. ст., соответственно, p=0,0017. При переходе на ВПВ PaCO2 снижалось, в среднем, на 10% (37 (33–39) мм рт. ст., p=0,0000001), на НИМВЛ — на 7% (38 (36–42) мм рт. ст., p=0,0015). Также различия были значимыми при сравнении ЧДД на кислородной маске (20 (16–24) ДД/мин) с ВПВ (16 (12–20) ДД/мин, p=0,0) и с НИМВЛ (18 (16–20) ДД/мин, p=0,018). При сравнении ВПВ с НИМВЛ выявлены достоверные различия в ЧДД (16 (12–20) ДД/мин против 18 (16–20) ДД/мин, p=0,016), PaCO2 (37 (33–39) мм рт. ст. против 38 (36–42) мм рт. ст., p=0,0034) и SpO2 (98 (96–99)% против 97 (95–98)%, p=0,022).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. ВПВ и НИМВЛ обладают сходным положительным эффектом на оксигенирующую функцию легких и газообмен у кардиохирургических больных с постэкстубационной дыхательной недостаточностью. Выскопоточная вентиляция, по сравнению с НИМВЛ, оказывает более выраженный положительный эффект на элиминацию CO2, ЧДД и SpO2 и лучше переносится пациентами.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Respiratory failure (RF) after tracheal extubation occurs in 5–25% of cardiac surgical patients. Various noninvasive respiratory support techniques are available for RF treatment.</p><p>The purpose of the study is a comparative assessment of the effect on gas exchange of oxygen inhalation through a mask with noninvasive airway positive pressure mask ventilation, and high-flow lung ventilation during post-extubation respiratory failure in cardiac surgical patients.</p><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. 52 cardiac surgical patients with post-extubation respiratory failure (mean age 61 (55–67) years) were included in the study. Respiratory failure critera were as follows: PaO2/FiO2 _ 300 mm Hg or SpO2 _ 88% during room air breathing. Exclusion criteria included presentation of pleural effusion in patients, pneumothorax, diaphragm paresis. Every patient was subjected consecutively to arterial blood gases test during room air breathing, low-flow oxygen therapy using a mask with a pre-volume bag, high-flow ventilation (HFNC), and noninvasive positive pressure mask ventilation (NIPPV). Each method was applied during 1 hour prior to the test. Respiratory rate (RR) and capillary blood saturation (SpO2) were monitored throughout the whole study.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. PaO2/FiO2 during low-flow oxygen therapy was equal to 171 (137–243) mm Hg. At the background of HFNC, this index increased to 235 (183–305) mm Hg (P=0.00004), and upon transfer to NIPPV — to 228 (180–288) mm Hg (P=0.000028). SpO2 during HFNC and NIPPV increased from 95 (93–98)% to 98 (96–99)% (P=0.000006) and 97 (95–98)%, respectively (P=0.000006 and P=0.000069). PaCO2 was higher during oxygen mask breathing compared to air breathing: 41 (37–44) mm Hg and 38 (34–42) mm Hg, correspondingly, P=0.0017. Upon transfer to HFNC, PaCO2 lowered on average by 10% (37 (33–39) mm Hg, P=0.0000001), to NIPPV — by 7% (38 (36–42) mm Hg, P=0,0015). Differences were also significant when compred RR during oxygen mask breathing (20 (16–24) respirations/minute) vs. HFNC (16 (12–20) respirations/minute, P=0.0) and vs. NIPPV (18 (16–20) respirations/minute, P=0.018). Comparison of HFNC vs. NIPPV revealed reliable difference in RR (16 (12–20) respirations/minute against 18 (16-20) respirations/minute, P=0.016), PaCO2 (37 (33–39) mm Hg against 38 (36–42) mm Hg, P=0.0034), and SpO2 (98 (96–99)% against 97 (95–98)%, P=0.022).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. HFNC and NIPPV exert a similar positive effect on the oxygenating function of lungs and gas exchange in cardiac surgical patients with post-extubation respiratory failure. Compared to NIPPV, high-flow ventilation renders most significant positive effect on elimination of CO2, RR and SpO2, and is better tolerated by patients.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дыхательная недостаточность</kwd><kwd>неинвазивная респираторная поддержка</kwd><kwd>высокопоточная вентиляция легких</kwd><kwd>ингаляция кислорода через маску с предварительным объемом</kwd><kwd>неинвазивная масочная вентиляция легких с положительным давлением</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>respiratory failure</kwd><kwd>noninvasive respiratory support</kwd><kwd>high-flow ventilation</kwd><kwd>oxygen inhalation through a mask with a pre-volume bag</kwd><kwd>noninvasive positive pressure mask ventilation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Azoulay E., Thiery G., Chevret S., Moreau D., Darmon M., Bergeron A., Yang K., Meignin V., Ciroldi M., Le Gall J.R., Tazi A., Schlemmer B. 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