rmtОбщая реаниматологияGeneral Reanimatology1813-97792411-7110FSBI "SRIGR" RAMS10.15360/1813-9779-2019-6-94-114rmt-1835Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ И КРАТКИЕ СООБЩЕНИЯREVIEWS & SHORT COMMUNICATIONSМеханизмы нейропротекции при церебральной гипотермии (обзор)Neuroprotection Mechanisms in Cerebral Hypothermia (Review)ШевелевО. А.ShevelevOleg A.

141534, Московская область, Солнечногорский район, д. Лыткино, д. 777 ;

117198, г. Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6

777 Lytkino 141534, Solnechnogorsk district, Moscow region;6 Miklukho-Maсlaya Str., 117198 Moscow

shevelev_o@mail.ruПетроваМ. В.PetrovaMarina V.

141534, Московская область, Солнечногорский район, д. Лыткино, д. 777 ;

117198, г. Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6

777 Lytkino 141534, Solnechnogorsk district, Moscow region;6 Miklukho-Maсlaya Str., 117198 Moscow

СаидовШ. Х.SaidovShavkat Kh.

141534, Московская область, Солнечногорский район, д. Лыткино, д. 777

777 Lytkino 141534, Solnechnogorsk district, Moscow region

ХодоровичН. А.KhodorovichNadezhda A.

117198, г. Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6

6 Miklukho-Maсlaya Str., 117198 Moscow

ПрадханП.PradkhanPranil

117198, г. Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6

6 Miklukho-Maсlaya Str., 117198 Moscow

Федеральный научно-клинический центр реаниматологии и реабилитологии; Российский университет дружбы народовРоссияFederal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology; Peoples’ Friendship University of RussiaRussian FederationФедеральный научно-клинический центр реаниматологии и реабилитологииРоссияFederal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and RehabilitologyRussian FederationРоссийский университет дружбы народовРоссияPeoples’ Friendship University of RussiaRussian FederationРоссийский университет дружбы народовНепал2 Peoples’ Friendship University of RussiaNepal20192412201915694114Copyright © Шевелев О.А., Петрова М.В., Саидов Ш.Х., Ходорович Н.А., Прадхан П., 20192019Шевелев О.А., Петрова М.В., Саидов Ш.Х., Ходорович Н.А., Прадхан П.Shevelev O.A., Petrova M.V., Saidov S.K., Khodorovich N.A., Pradkhan P.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/1835

Обзор посвящен рассмотрению нейропротекторных механизмов терапевтической гипотермии с позиций метаболической депрессии и реакций геномного перепрограммирования нейронов, развивающихся при понижении температуры головного мозга.

К объяснению эффектов влияния низких температур привлечена концепция гипотермического прекондиционирования, основанная на развитии типовых неспецифических реакций, обеспечивающих формирование цитопротекторного фенотипа нейронов при действии потенциально опасных раздражителей — ишемии, реперфузии и переохлаждения. Показана роль краниоцеребральной гипотермии, как методики селективного гипотермического воздействия на головной мозг с целью нейропротекции и коррекции нарушений температурного баланса головного мозга.

Подход к терапевтической гипотермии как к гипотермическому прекондиционированию позволяет существенно расширить области ее применения и использовать в различных методических вариантах.

The review focuses on the neuroprotective mechanisms of therapeutic hypothermia from the standpoint of metabolic depression and genomic reprogramming of neurons that develop when brain temperature decreases.

The concept of hypothermic pre-conditioning based on the development of typical nonspecific reactions for the formation of the cytoprotective phenotype of neurons due to potentially dangerous stimuli, such as ischemia, reperfusion, and hypothermia, was used to explain the effects of low temperatures. The data confirming the role of therapeutic cerebral hypothermia as a technique of selective brain exposure to mild cold for the neuroprotection and correction of temperature balance disorders are shown.

The approach to therapeutic hypothermia as a hypothermic pre-conditioning allows to significantly expand the scope of its use in various procedural variants.

терапевтическая гипотермияпрекондиционированиетепловой балансголовной мозгtherapeutic hypothermiapre-conditioningthermal balancebrainReferencesЛабори А., Гюгенар П. Гибернотерапия в медицинской практике. М.: Медгиз; 1956: 281.Labori A., Gyugenar P. Hybernotherapy in medical practice. М.: Medgiz; 1956: 281 [In Russ.].Неговский В.А. Оживление организма и искусственная гипотермия, М.: Медгиз; 1960: 302.Negovskij V.A. Revitalization of the body and artificial hypothermia, М.: Medgiz; 1960: 302 [In Russ.].Lampe J.W., Becker L.B. State of the art in therapeutic hypothermia. Annu Rev Med. 2011; 11: 104–110. DOI: 10.1146/annurev-med052009-150512Lampe J.W., Becker L.B. State of the art in therapeutic hypothermia. Annu Rev Med. 2011; 11: 104–110. DOI: 10.1146/annurev-med052009-150512Bernard S.A., Buist M. Induced hypothermia in critical care medicine: a review. Crit Care Med. 2003; 31: 2041–2051. DOI: 10.1097/01.CCM.0000069731.18472.61Bernard S.A., Buist M. Induced hypothermia in critical care medicine: a review. Crit Care Med. 2003; 31: 2041–2051. DOI: 10.1097/01.CCM.0000069731.18472.61Den Hertog H.M., van der Worp H.B., Tseng M.C., Dippel D.V. Cooling therapy for acute stroke. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009; 130: 3063–3074. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001247.pub2Den Hertog H.M., van der Worp H.B., Tseng M.C., Dippel D.V. Cooling therapy for acute stroke. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009; 130: 3063–3074. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001247.pub2Cooper D.J., Nichol A.D., Bailey M., Bernard S. Effect of Early Sustained Prophylactic Hypothermia on Neurologic Outcomes Among Patients With Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: The POLAR Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2018; 320 (21): 2211–2220. DOI: 10.1001/jama. 2018.17075.Cooper D.J., Nichol A.D., Bailey M., Bernard S. Effect of Early Sustained Prophylactic Hypothermia on Neurologic Outcomes Among Patients With Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: The POLAR Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2018; 320(21): 2211–2220. DOI: 10.1001/jama. 2018.17075.Чебоксаров Д.В., Шевелев О.А., Бутров А.В., Бунтина М.А. Радиотермометрия головного мозга при краниоцеребральной гипотермии в остром периоде ишемического инсульта. Новости анестезиологии и реаниматологии. 2015; 1: 3–8.Cheboksary D. V., Shevelev O. A., Burov A.V., Bunina M. A. Radiothermometry of the brain in craniocerebral hypothermia in the acute period of ischemic stroke. Novosti anesteziologii i reanimatologii. 2015; 1: 3–8 [In Russ.]Шевелев О.А., Бутров А.В., Каленова И.Е., Шаринова И.Е. Краниоцеребральная гипотермия в терапии ишемического инсульта. Боль, обезболивание, интенсивная терапия. 2012; 1: 605–608.Shevelev O. A., Burov A.V., Kalenova I. E., Sharinova I. E. Craniocerebral hypothermia in the therapy of ischemic stroke. Bol, obezbolivanie, intensivnaya terapiya. 2012; 1: 605–608 [In Russ.]Бутров А.В., Шевелев О.А., Чебоксаров Д.В., Бунтина М.А. Применение краниоцеребральной гипотермии у больных с острым нарушением мозгового кровообращения под контролем радиотермометрии. Вестник интенсивной терапии. 2014; 5: 47.Butrov A.V., Shevelev O.A., Cheboksarov D.V., Buntina M.A. The use of craniocerebral hypothermia in patients with acute impairment of cerebral circulation under the control of radiothermometry. Vestnik intensivnoj terapii. 2014; 5: 47 [In Russ.]Торосян Б. Д., Бутров А. В., Шевелев О. А., Чебоксаров Д. В., Покатилова Н. С. Влияние краниоцеребральной гипотермии на потребление кислорода, обмен и показатели центральной гемодинамики у пациентов в остром периоде ишемического инсульта. Медицинский алфавит.2017; 17 (314): 29–32.Torosyan B. D., Butrov A. V., Shevelev O. A., Cheboksarov D. V., Pokatilova N. S. Effect of craniocerebral hypothermia on oxygen consumption, metabolism and central hemodynamics in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Medicinskij alfavit. 2017; 17 (314): 29–32. [In Russ.]Rzechorzek N.M., Connick P., Patani R., Selvaraj B.T., Chandrana S. Hypothermic Preconditioning of Human Cortical Neurons Requires Proteostatic Priming. EBioMedicine. 2015; 2 (6): 528–535. DOI: 10. 1016/j.ebiom.2015.04.004Rzechorzek N.M., Connick P., Patani R., Selvaraj B.T., Chandrana S. Hypothermic Preconditioning of Human Cortical Neurons Requires Proteostatic Priming. EBioMedicine. 2015; 2(6): 528–535. DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2015.04.004Rzechorzek N.M. Hypothermic preconditioning in human cortical neurons: coupling neuroprotection to ontogenic reversal of tau. Edinburgh Research Archive. 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/15894Rzechorzek N.M. Hypothermic preconditioning in human cortical neurons: coupling neuroprotection to ontogenic reversal of tau. Edinburgh Research Archive. 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/15894Murry C.E., Jennings R.B., Reimer K.A. Preconditioning with ischemia: A delay of cell injury in ischemic myocardium. Circulation. 1986; 74: 1124–1136. DOI: 10.1161/01.CIR.74.5.1124Murry C.E., Jennings R.B., Reimer K.A. Preconditioning with ischemia: A delay of cell injury in ischemic myocardium. Circulation. 1986; 74: 1124–1136. DOI: 10.1161/01.CIR.74.5.1124Khoury N., Koronowski K.B. Perez-Pinzon M.F. Long-term window of ischemic tolerance: An evolutionarily conserved form of metabolic plasticity regulated by epigenetic modifications? Neurol Neuromedicine. 2016; 1 (2): 6–12. PMID: 27796011 PMCID: PMC5081687 DOI: 10.29245/2572.942x/2016/2.1021Khoury N., Koronowski K.B. Perez-Pinzon M.F. Long-term window of ischemic tolerance: An evolutionarily conserved form of metabolic plasticity regulated by epigenetic modifications? Neurol Neuromedicine. 2016; 1(2): 6–12. PMID: 27796011 PMCID: PMC5081687 DOI: 10.29245/2572.942x/2016/2.1021Stenzel-Poore M.P, Stevens S.L., Simon R.P. Genomics of preconditioning. Stroke. 2004; 35: 2683–2686. DOI: 10.1161/01.STR.0000143735.89281.Stenzel-Poore M.P, Stevens S.L., Simon R.P. Genomics of preconditioning. Stroke. 2004; 35: 2683–2686. DOI: 10.1161/01.STR.0000143735.89281.Khoury N., Xu J., Stegelmann S.D., Jackson C.W, Koronowski K.B., Dave K.R., Young J.I., Perez-Pinzon M.A. Resveratrol Preconditioning Induces Genomic and Metabolic Adaptations within the Long-Term Window of Cerebral Ischemic Tolerance Leading to Bioenergetic Efficiency. Mol Neurobiol. 2019; 56 (6): 4549–4565. DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1380-6.Khoury N., Xu J., Stegelmann S.D., Jackson C.W, Koronowski K.B., Dave K.R., Young J.I., Perez-Pinzon M.A. Resveratrol Preconditioning Induces Genomic and Metabolic Adaptations within the Long-Term Window of Cerebral Ischemic Tolerance Leading to Bioenergetic Efficiency. Mol Neurobiol. 2019; 56 (6): 4549–4565. DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1380-6.Jackson C.W., Escobar I., Xu J., Perez-Pinzon M.A. Effects of ischemic preconditioning on mitochondrial and metabolic neruoprotection: 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase and sirtuins. Brain Circ. 2018; 4: 54–61. PMID: 18417696 PMCID: PMC2678917 DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5471-07.2008Jackson C.W., Escobar I., Xu J., Perez-Pinzon M.A. Effects of ischemic preconditioning on mitochondrial and metabolic neruoprotection: 5’ adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase and sirtuins. Brain Circ. 2018; 4: 54–61. PMID: 18417696 PMCID: PMC2678917 DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5471-07.2008Jiang S., Wu Y., Fang D., Chen.. Hypothermic preconditioning but not ketamine reduces oxygen and glucose deprivation induced neuronal injury correlated with downregulation of COX-2 expression in mouse hippocampal slices. Journal of Pharmacological Sciences. 2018; 137: 30–37. DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2018.04.001Jiang S., Wu Y., Fang D., Chen.. Hypothermic preconditioning but not ketamine reduces oxygen and glucose deprivation induced neuronal injury correlated with downregulation of COX-2 expression in mouse hippocampal slices. Journal of Pharmacological Sciences. 2018; 137: 30–37. DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2018.04.001Шевелев О.А., Бутров А.В. Технологии лечебной гипотермии в интенсивной терапии и реаниматологии. Неотложная медицина. 2010; 3: 45–49.Shevelev O.A., Butrov A.V. Technologies of therapeutic hypothermia in intensive care and resuscitation. Neotlozhnaya meditsina. 2010; 3: 45–49 [In Russ.]Busto R., Deitrich W.D., Globus M.Y. Small differences in intraischemic brain temperature critically determine the extent of ischemic neuronal injury. Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 1987; 7 (6): 729–738. DOI: 10.1038/jcbfm.1987.127Busto R., Deitrich W.D., Globus M.Y. Small differences in intraischemic brain temperature critically determine the extent of ischemic neuronal injury. Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 1987; 7(6): 729–738. DOI: 10.1038/jcbfm.1987.127Ruborg R., Gunnarsson K., Ström J.O. Predictors of post-stroke body temperature elevation. BMC Neurology. 2017; 17: 218. DOI: 10.1186/s12883-017-1002-3.Ruborg R., Gunnarsson K., Ström J.O. Predictors of post-stroke body temperature elevation. BMC Neurology. 2017; 17: 218. DOI: 10.1186/s12883-017-1002-3.Santillo E., Antonelli-Incalzi R. Protection of coronary circulation by remote ischemic preconditioning: An intriguing research frontier. Cardiol. Plus. 2018; 3: 21–29. DOI: 10.4103/cp.cp_9_18Santillo E., Antonelli-Incalzi R. Protection of coronary circulation by remote ischemic preconditioning: An intriguing research frontier. Cardiol. Plus. 2018; 3: 21–29. DOI: 10.4103/cp.cp_9_18Lange R., Ingwall J., Hale S.L. Preservation of high-energy 40. phosphates by verapamil in reperfused myocardium. Circulation. 1984; 70: 734–741.Lange R., Ingwall J., Hale S.L. Preservation of high-energy 40. phosphates by verapamil in reperfused myocardium. Circulation. 1984; 70: 734–741.Kremastinos D.Th. The phenomenon of preconditioning today. Hell. J. Cardiol. 2005; 46: 1–4.Kremastinos D.Th. The phenomenon of preconditioning today. Hell. J. Cardiol. 2005; 46: 1–4.Anwar Abd-Elfattah S., Jian-Huo Guo, Shi-Ping Gao, Ahmed Elwatidy F., Ibrahim Hegab M., David Salter R., Mohammad Alfagih R., Nermine Abd-Elfattah A. Preconditioning of Healthy, Stunned, Infarcted, Hypertrophied and Failing Hearts: Role of Conditioning Reserve in Supplemental Cardioprotection. Clinics in Surgery. 2019; 4: 1–13Anwar Abd-Elfattah S., Jian-Huo Guo, Shi-Ping Gao, Ahmed Elwatidy F., Ibrahim Hegab M., David Salter R., Mohammad Alfagih R., Nermine Abd-Elfattah A. Preconditioning of Healthy, Stunned, Infarcted, Hypertrophied and Failing Hearts: Role of Conditioning Reserve in Supplemental Cardioprotection. Clinics in Surgery. 2019; 4: 1–13Ravincerova T., Farkasova V., Arkasova, Griecsova L., Carnicka S., Muraricova E., Barlaka E., Kolar F., Bartekova M., Lonek L., Slezak J., Lazou A. Remote Preconditioning as a Novel «Conditioning» Approach to Repair the Broken Heart: Potential Mechanisms and Clinical Applications. Physiol. Res. 2016; 65: 55–64.Ravincerova T., Farkasova V., Arkasova, Griecsova L., Carnicka S., Muraricova E., Barlaka E., Kolar F., Bartekova M., Lonek L., Slezak J., Lazou A. Remote Preconditioning as a Novel «Conditioning» Approach to Repair the Broken Heart: Potential Mechanisms and Clinical Applications. Physiol. Res. 2016; 65: 55–64.Kawada T., Akiyama T., Shimizu S. Detection of endogenous acetylcholine release during brief ischemia in the rabbit ventricle: a possible trigger for ischemic preconditioning. Life Sci. 2009; 85: 597–601. DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2009.08.015Kawada T., Akiyama T., Shimizu S. Detection of endogenous acetylcholine release during brief ischemia in the rabbit ventricle: a possible trigger for ischemic preconditioning. Life Sci. 2009; 85: 597–601. DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2009.08.015Headrick J.P., Lasley R.D. Adenosine receptors and reperfusion injury of the heart. Handb. Exp. Pharmacol. 2009; 193: 189–214. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-89615-9_7Headrick J.P., Lasley R.D. Adenosine receptors and reperfusion injury of the heart. Handb. Exp. Pharmacol. 2009; 193: 189–214. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-89615-9_7Singh L., Kulshrestha R., Singh N., Jaggi A.S.. Mechanisms involved in adenosine pharmacological preconditioning-induced cardioprotection. Korean J Physiol Pharmacol. 2018; 22 (3): 225–234. DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.Singh L., Kulshrestha R., Singh N., Jaggi A.S.. Mechanisms involved in adenosine pharmacological preconditioning-induced cardioprotection. Korean J Physiol Pharmacol. 2018; 22 (3): 225–234. DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.Wang C., Hu S.M., Xie H., Qiao S.G., Liu H., Liu C.F. Role of mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channel-mediated PKC-ε in delayed protection against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in isolated hearts of sevoflurane-preconditioned rats. Braz J Med Biol Res. 2015; 48 (6). DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20143876Wang C., Hu S.M., Xie H., Qiao S.G., Liu H., Liu C.F. Role of mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channel-mediated PKC-ε in delayed protection against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in isolated hearts of sevoflurane-preconditioned rats. Braz J Med Biol Res. 2015; 48(6). DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20143876He A., Jiang Y., Gui C. The antiapoptotic effect of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation on ischemic myocardium is enhanced by anoxic preconditioning. Can. J. Cardiology. 2009; 25: 353–358. DOI: 10.1016/S0828-282X (09)70094-7He A., Jiang Y., Gui C. The antiapoptotic effect of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation on ischemic myocardium is enhanced by anoxic preconditioning. Can. J. Cardiology. 2009; 25: 353–358. DOI: 10.1016/S0828-282X(09)70094-7Randall М. Enhanced cardiac preconditioning in the isolated heart of the transgenic ( (mREN-2)27) hypertensive. Cardiovascular. Research. 1997; 33: 400–409. PMID: 9074705Randall М. Enhanced cardiac preconditioning in the isolated heart of the transgenic ((mREN-2)27) hypertensive. Cardiovascular. Research. 1997; 33: 400-409. PMID: 9074705Лихванцев В.В., Мороз В.В., Гребенчиков О.А., Гороховатский Ю.И., Заржецкий Ю.В., Тимошин С.С., Левиков Д.И., Шайбакова В.Л. Ишемическое и фармакологическое прекондиционирование. Общая реаниматология. 2011; 7 (6): 59. DOI: 10.15360/1813-9779-2011-6-59.Likhvantsev V.V., Moroz V.V., Grebenchikov O.A., Gorokhovatsky Y.I., Zarzhetsky Y.V., Timoshin S.S., Levikov D.I., Shaibakova V.L. Ischemic and Pharmacological Preconditioning. Obshchaya Reanimatolgiya=General Reanimatology. 2011; 7(6): 59. [In Russ.]. DOI: 10.15360/1813-9779-2011-6-59.Hausenloy D.J., Candilio L., Laing C., Kunst G., Pepper J., Kolvekar S., Evans R., Robertson S., Knight R., Ariti C., Clayton T., Yellon D. M. Effect of remote ischemic preconditioning on clinical outcomes in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery (ERICCA): rationale and study design of a multi-centre randomized double-blinded controlled clinical trial. Clinical Research in Cardiology. 2012; 101: 339–348. DOI: 10.1007/s00392-011-0397-xHausenloy D.J., Candilio L., Laing C., Kunst G., Pepper J., Kolvekar S., Evans R., Robertson S., Knight R., Ariti C., Clayton T., Yellon D. M. Effect of remote ischemic preconditioning on clinical outcomes in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery (ERICCA): rationale and study design of a multi-centre randomized double-blinded controlled clinical trial. Clinical Research in Cardiology. 2012; 101: 339–348. DOI: 10.1007/s00392-011-0397-xMurry C.E., Richard V. J., Jennings R. B., Reimer K. A. Myocardial protection is lost before contractile function recovers from ischemic preconditioning. Am. J. Physiol. 1991; 260: 796–804. DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.1991.260.3.H796Murry C.E., Richard V. J., Jennings R. B., Reimer K. A. Myocardial protection is lost before contractile function recovers from ischemic preconditioning. Am. J. Physiol. 1991; 260: 796–804. DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.1991.260.3.H796Downey J.M.,. Cohen M.V. Preconditioning: Markers vs. epiphenomena. Basic Research in Cardiology. 1996; 91: 35–37. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-53793-6_45Downey J.M.,. Cohen M.V. Preconditioning: Markers vs. epiphenomena. Basic Research in Cardiology. 1996; 91: 35–37. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-53793-6_45Okubo S., Xi L., Bernardo N.L, Yoshida K., Kukreja R.C. Myocardial preconditioning: Basic concepts and potential mechanisms. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry. 1999; 196: 3–12. DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-5097-6_1Okubo S., Xi L., Bernardo N.L, Yoshida K., Kukreja R.C. Myocardial preconditioning: Basic concepts and potential mechanisms. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry. 1999; 196: 3–12. DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-5097-6_1Park H.A., Jonas E.A. N-Bcl-xL, a therapeutic target for neuroprotection. Neural Regen Res. 2017; 12: 1791–1794. DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.219033Park H.A., Jonas E.A. N-Bcl-xL, a therapeutic target for neuroprotection. Neural Regen Res. 2017; 12: 1791–1794. DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.219033Gidday J.M. Cerebral preconditioning and ischaemic tolerance. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2006; 7: 437–448. DOI: 10.1038/nrn1927Gidday J.M. Cerebral preconditioning and ischaemic tolerance. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2006; 7: 437–448. DOI: 10.1038/nrn1927Miller D.J., Fort P.E. Heat Shock Proteins Regulatory Role in Neurodevelopment. Front. Neurosci. 2018. DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00821Miller D.J., Fort P.E. Heat Shock Proteins Regulatory Role in Neurodevelopment. Front. Neurosci. 2018. DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00821Chang-Jin Park, Young-Su Seo. Heat Shock Proteins: A Review of the Molecular Chaperones for Plant. Immunity Plant Pathol J. 2015; 31 (4): 323–333. DOI: 10.5423/PPJ.RW.08.2015.0150.Chang-Jin Park, Young-Su Seo. Heat Shock Proteins: A Review of the Molecular Chaperones for Plant. Immunity Plant Pathol J. 2015; 31(4): 323–333. DOI: 10.5423/PPJ.RW.08.2015.0150.Chatterjee S., Burns N.F. Targeting Heat Shock Proteins in Cancer: A Promising Therapeutic Approach. Int J Mol Sci. 2017; 18 (9). DOI: 10.3390/ijms18091978.Chatterjee S., Burns N.F. Targeting Heat Shock Proteins in Cancer: A Promising Therapeutic Approach. Int J Mol Sci. 2017; 18(9). DOI: 10.3390/ijms18091978.Yan Jun Song Chong, Bin Zhong Xian,, Bao Wang. Heat shock protein 70: A promising therapeutic target for myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury. J of cellular Physiology. 2018; 234: 1190–1207. DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27110Yan Jun Song Chong, Bin Zhong Xian,, Bao Wang. Heat shock protein 70: A promising therapeutic target for myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury. J of cellular Physiology. 2018; 234: 1190–1207. DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27110Qi J. S., Kam K. W. L., Chen M., Wu S., Wong T. M. Failure to confer cardioprotection and to increase the expression of heat-shock protein 70 by preconditioning with a κ-opioid receptor agonist during ischaemia and reperfusion in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Diabetologia. 2004; 47: 214–220. DOI: /10.1007/s00125-003-1288-0Qi J. S., Kam K. W. L., Chen M., Wu S., Wong T. M. Failure to confer cardioprotection and to increase the expression of heat-shock protein 70 by preconditioning with a κ-opioid receptor agonist during ischaemia and reperfusion in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Diabetologia. 2004; 47: 214–220. DOI: /10.1007/s00125-003-1288-0Gidday J.M.. Cerebrovascular ischemic protection by pre- and postconditioning. Brain Circ. 2015; 1: 97–103 DOI: 10.4103/2394-8108.166379Gidday J.M.. Cerebrovascular ischemic protection by pre- and postconditioning. Brain Circ. 2015; 1: 97–103 DOI: 10.4103/2394-8108.166379Miyata Y., Yahara I. The 90 kDa heat shock protein Hsp90 binds and protects casein kinase II from self-aggregation and enhances its kinase activity. J. Biol. Chem. 1992; 267: 7042–7047.Miyata Y., Yahara I. The 90 kDa heat shock protein Hsp90 binds and protects casein kinase II from self-aggregation and enhances its kinase activity. J. Biol. Chem. 1992; 267: 7042–7047.Mosser D. D., Caron A. W., Bourget L. Role of the human heat shock protein hsp70 in protection against stress-induced apoptosis. Mol. Cell. Biol. 1997; 17: 5317–5327. DOI: 10.1128/MCB.17.9.5317Mosser D. D., Caron A. W., Bourget L. Role of the human heat shock protein hsp70 in protection against stress-induced apoptosis. Mol. Cell. Biol. 1997; 17: 5317–5327. DOI: 10.1128/MCB.17.9.5317Wang Y., Reis C., Applegate R., Stier G., Martin R., Zhang J.H. Ischemic conditioning-induced endogenous brain protection: Applications Pre-, Per- or Post-Stroke. Exp Neurol. 2015; 272: 26–40. DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2015.04.009Wang Y., Reis C., Applegate R., Stier G., Martin R., Zhang J.H. Ischemic conditioning-induced endogenous brain protection: Applications Pre-, Per- or Post-Stroke. Exp Neurol. 2015; 272: 26–40. DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2015.04.009Kitagawa K., Matsumoto M., Tagaya M. Ischemic tolerance phenomenon found in the brain. Brain Res. 1990; 528 (1): 21–24. DOI: 10.1016/0006-8993 (90)90189-IKitagawa K., Matsumoto M., Tagaya M. Ischemic tolerance phenomenon found in the brain. Brain Res. 1990; 528 (1): 21–24. DOI: 10.1016/0006-8993(90)90189-IYu S., Zhao M., Guo Т. Hypoxic preconditioning up-regulates glucose transport activity and glucose transporter (GLUT1 and GLUT3) gene expression after acute anoxic exposure in the cultured rat hippocampal neurons and astrocytes. Brain Res. 2008; 1211: 22–29. PMID: 18474279 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2005.04.029Yu S., Zhao M., Guo Т. Hypoxic preconditioning up-regulates glucose transport activity and glucose transporter (GLUT1 and GLUT3) gene expression after acute anoxic exposure in the cultured rat hippocampal neurons and astrocytes. Brain Res. 2008; 1211: 22–29. PMID: 18474279 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2005.04.029Shpargel K.B., Jalabi W., Jin Y. Preconditioning paradigms and pathways in the brain. Cleve Clin J Med. 2008; 75 (2): 77. PMID: 18540152 DOI: 10.3949/ccjm.75.suppl_2.s77Shpargel K.B., Jalabi W., Jin Y. Preconditioning paradigms and pathways in the brain. Cleve Clin J Med. 2008; 75 (2): 77 PMID: 18540152 DOI: 10.3949/ccjm.75.suppl_2.s77Gidday, J.M. Cerebral preconditioning and ischaemic tolerance. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2006; 7: 437–448. DOI: 10.1038/nrn1927Gidday, J.M. Cerebral preconditioning and ischaemic tolerance. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2006; 7: 437–448. DOI: 10.1038/nrn1927Guimarães Filho MA, Cortez E, Garcia-Souza ÉP, Soares Vde M, Moura AS, Carvalho L, Maya MC, Pitombo MB. Effect of remote ischemic preconditioning in the expression of IL-6 and IL-10 in a rat model of liver ischemia-reperfusion injury. Acta Cir Bras. 2015; 30 (7): 452–460. DOI: 10.1590/S0102-865020150070000002.Guimarães Filho M.A., Cortez E., Garcia-Souza É.P., Soares Vde M., Moura A.S., Carvalho L, Maya MC, Pitombo MB. Effect of remote ischemic preconditioning in the expression of IL-6 and IL-10 in a rat model of liver ischemia-reperfusion injury. Acta Cir Bras. 2015; 30 (7): 452–460. DOI: 10.1590/S0102-865020150070000002.Nakano S., Kato Н., Kogure К. Neuronal damage in the rat hippocampus in a new model of repeated reversible transient cerebral ischemia. Brain Res. 1989; 490 (1): 178–180. DOI: 10.1016/0006-8993 (89)90448-4Nakano S., Kato Н., Kogure К. Neuronal damage in the rat hippocampus in a new model of repeated reversible transient cerebral ischemia. Brain Res. 1989; 490 (1): 178–180. DOI: 10.1016/0006-8993(89) 90448-4Atochin D.N., Clark J., Demchenko I.T. Rapid cerebral ischemic preconditioning in mice deficient in endothelial and neuronal nitric oxide synthases. Stroke. 2003; 34 (5): 1299–1303. DOI: 10.1161/01.STR.0000066870.70976.57Atochin D.N., Clark J., Demchenko I.T. Rapid cerebral ischemic preconditioning in mice deficient in endothelial and neuronal nitric oxide synthases. Stroke. 2003; 34(5): 1299–1303. DOI: 10.1161/01.STR. 0000066870.70976.57Щербак, Н.С., Русакова А.Г., Галагудза М.М., Юкина Г.Ю., Баранцевич Е.Р., Томсон В.В., Шляхто Е.В. Изменение экспрессии белка Bcl-2 в нейронах полей гиппокампа после применения ишемического посткондиционирования головного мозга. Морфология. 2015; 148: 21–27.Shcherbak N.S., Rusakova A.G., Galagudza M.M., Yukina G.Yu., Barancevich E.R., Tomson V.V., Shlyakhto E.V. Change of Bcl-2 protein expression in hippocampal neurons after ischemic brain postconditioning. Morfologiya. 2015; 148: 21–27 [In Russ.].Щербак, Н.С., Галагудза М.М., Юкина Г.Ю., Баранцевич Е.Р., Томсон В.В., Шляхто Е.В. Роль АМРА-рецепторов в механизмах нейропротективного эффекта ишемического посткондиционирования головного мозга. Артериальная гипертензия. 2015; 21: 155–163.Shcherbak, N.S., Galagudza M.M., Yukina G.Yu., Barantsevich E.R., Thomson V.V., Shlyakhto E.V. The Role of AMPA receptors in the mechanisms of neuroprotective effect of ischemic postconditioning of the brain. Arterialnaya gipertenziya. 2015; 21: 155–163 [In Russ.].Щербак, Н.С. Овчинников Д.А., Галагудза М.М., Юкина Г.Ю., Баранцевич Е.Р., Томсон В.В., Шляхто Е.В. Влияние ишемического посткондиционирования на экспрессию белка Bcl-2 в нейронах неокортекса при глобальной ишемии-реперфузии головного мозга у крыс. Трансляционная медицина. 2016; 3 (1): 63–72.Shcherbak, N. S. Ovchinnikov D. A., Galagudza M. M., Yukina G. Yu., Barantsevich E. R., Thomson V. V., Shlyakhto E. V. Effect of ischemic postconditioning on Bcl-2 protein expression in neocortex neurons in global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats. Translyatsionnaya meditsina. 2016; 3 (1): 63–72 [In Russ.].Самойленкова Н.С., Гаврилова С.А., Кошелев В.Б. Защитный эффект гипоксического и ишемического прекондиционирования при локальной ишемии мозга крыс. Доклады академии наук (ДАН). 2007; 414 (2): 283–285.Samojlenkova N.S., Gavrilova S.A., Koshelev V.B. Protective effect of hypoxic and ischemic preconditioning in local cerebral ischemia of rats. Doklady akademii nauk (Reports of the Academy of Sciences). 2007; 414 (2): 283–285[In Russ.].Шевелев О.А., Каленова И.Е., Шаринова И.П., Бутров А.В. Опыт применения терапевтической гипотермии в лечении ишемического инсульта. Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика. 2012; 2: 41–45.Shevelev O. A., Kalenova I. E., Sharinova I. P., Butrov A.V. The experience of therapeutic hypothermia in the treatment of ischemic stroke. Nevrologiya, nejropsikhiatriya, psikhosomatika. 2012; 2: 41–45 [In Russ.].Шевелев О.А., Бутров А.В., Каленова И.Е. Терапевтическая гипотермия в неотложных состояниях. Медицинский алфавит. Неотложная медицина. 2011; 3: 46–50.Shevelev O. A., Butrov A.V., Kalenova I. E. Therapeutic hypothermia in emergency conditions. Meditsinskij alfavit. Neotlozhnaya meditsina.2011; 3: 46–50 [In Russ.].Doberentz E., Markwerth P., Wagner R., Madea B. Expression of Hsp27 and Hsp70 and vacuolization in the pituitary glands in cases of fatal hypothermia. Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology. 2017; 13: 312–316. DOI: 10.1007/s12024-017-9884-3Doberentz E., Markwerth P., Wagner R., Madea B. Expression of Hsp27 and Hsp70 and vacuolization in the pituitary glands in cases of fatal hypothermia. Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology. 2017; 13: 312–316. DOI: 10.1007/s12024-017-9884-3Peretti D., Bastide A., Radford H., Verity N., Molloy C., Guerra Martin M., Moreno J.A., Steinert J.R., Smith T., Dinsdale D., Willis A.E., Mallucci G.R. RBM3 mediates structural plasticity and protective effects of cooling in neurodegeneration. Nature. 2015; 518: 236–239.Peretti D., Bastide A., Radford H., Verity N., Molloy C., Guerra Martin M., Moreno J.A., Steinert J.R., Smith T., Dinsdale D., Willis A.E., Mallucci G.R. RBM3 mediates structural plasticity and protective effects of cooling in neurodegeneration. Nature. 2015; 518: 236–239.Rzechorzek N.M. Hypothermic preconditioning in human cortical neurons: coupling neuroprotection to ontogenic reversal of tau. Edinburgh Research Archive, 2015.Rzechorzek N.M. Hypothermic preconditioning in human cortical neurons: coupling neuroprotection to ontogenic reversal of tau. Edinburgh Research Archive, 2015.Rzechorzek N.M., Connick P., Patani R., Selvaraj B.T., Chandrana S. Hypothermic Preconditioning of Human Cortical Neurons Requires Proteostatic Priming. EBioMedicine. 2015; 2 (6): 528–535. PMID: 26287272 PMCID: PMC4534756 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2015.04.004Rzechorzek N.M., Connick P., Patani R., Selvaraj B.T., Chandrana S. Hypothermic Preconditioning of Human Cortical Neurons Requires Proteostatic Priming. EBioMedicine. 2015; 2(6): 528–535. PMID: 26287272 PMCID: PMC4534756 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2015.04.004Mcilvoy L. Comparison of brain temperature to core temperature: a review of the literature. Journal of Neuroscience Nursing. 2004; 36: 23–29. PMID: 14998103 DOI: 10.1097/01376517-200402000-00004Mcilvoy L. Comparison of brain temperature to core temperature: a review of the literature. Journal of Neuroscience Nursing. 2004; 36: 23–29. PMID: 14998103 DOI: 10.1097/01376517-200402000-00004Hayward J.N., Baker M.A. Role of cerebral arterial blood in the regulation of brain temperature in the monkey. Am. J. Physiol. 1968; 215: 389–403. PMID: 4969787 DOI: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1968.215.2.389Hayward J.N., Baker M.A. Role of cerebral arterial blood in the regulation of brain temperature in the monkey. Am. J. Physiol. 1968; 215: 389–403. PMID: 4969787 DOI: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1968.215.2.389Cabanac M., Brinnel H. Blood flow in the emissary veins of the human head during hyperthermia. European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology. 1985; 54 (2): 172–176. DOI: 10.1007/BF02335925Cabanac M., Brinnel H. Blood flow in the emissary veins of the human head during hyperthermia. European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology. 1985; 54(2): 172–176. DOI: 10.1007/BF02335925Mrozek S., Vardon F., Geeraerts T. Brain Temperature: Physiology and Pathophysiology after Brain Injury. Anesthesiology Research and Practice. 2012; Article ID 989487: 1–13. DOI: 10.1155/2012/989487Mrozek S., Vardon F., Geeraerts T. Brain Temperature: Physiology and Pathophysiology after Brain Injury. Anesthesiology Research and Practice. 2012; Article ID 989487: 1-13. DOI: 10.1155/2012/989487Mariak Z., White M. D., Lewko J. Direct cooling of the human brain by heat loss from the upper respiratory tract. Journal of Applied Physiology. 1999; 87 (5): 1609–1613. DOI: 10.1152/jappl.1999.87.5.1609Mariak Z., White M. D., Lewko J. Direct cooling of the human brain by heat loss from the upper respiratory tract. Journal of Applied Physiology. 1999; 87(5): 1609–1613. DOI: 10.1152/jappl.1999.87.5.1609Ma W., Liu W., Li M. Analytical heat transfer model for targeted brain hypothermia. International Journal of Thermal Sciences. 2016; 100: 66–74. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2015.09.014Ma W., Liu W., Li M. Analytical heat transfer model for targeted brain hypothermia. International Journal of Thermal Sciences. 2016; 100: 66-74. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2015.09.014Uyðun M., Serhan Küçüka M., Özgür Çolpan C. 3B modeling and temperature distribution of human brain. 2016; 20th National Biomedical Engineering Meeting (BIYOMUT). DOI: 10.1109/BIYOMUT.2016.7849378Uyðun M., Serhan Küçüka M., Özgür Çolpan C. 3B modeling and temperature distribution of human brain. 2016; 20th National Biomedical Engineering Meeting (BIYOMUT). DOI: 10.1109/BIYOMUT.2016.7849378Веснин С.Г., Седанкин М.К. Математаческое моделирование собственного излучения тканей человека в микроволновом диапазоне. Биомедицинская радиоэлектроника. 2010; 9: 33–43.Vesnin S.G., Sedankin M.K. Mathematical modeling of the radiation of human tissues in the microwave range. Biomeditsinskaya radioelektronika. 2010; 9: 33–43 [In Russ.].Stephen Blowers, Ian Marshall, Michael Thrippleton, Peter Andrews, Bridget Harris, Iain Bethune & Prashant Valluri. How does blood regulate cerebral temperatures during hypothermia? Scientific Reports. 2018; 8: 7877. https: //www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-26063-7Stephen Blowers, Ian Marshall, Michael Thrippleton, Peter Andrews, Bridget Harris, Iain Bethune & Prashant Valluri. How does blood regulate cerebral temperatures during hypothermia? Scientific Reports. 2018; 8: 7877. https: //www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-26063-7Westwater E.R., Mätzler C., Crewell S. A review of surface-based microwave and millimeter-wave radiometric remote sensing of the troposphere. Radio Science Bulletin. 2004; 3010: 59–80. DOI: 10.23919/URSIRSB.2004.7909438Westwater E.R., Mätzler C., Crewell S. A review of surface-based microwave and millimeter-wave radiometric remote sensing of the troposphere. Radio Science Bulletin. 2004; 3010: 59–80. DOI: 10.23919/URSIRSB.2004.7909438Колесов С.Н., Воловик М.Г., Кравец П.Я. Тепловидение и радиотермометрия при черепно-мозговой травме. В кн.: Коновалов А.Н. (ред.). Клиническое руководство по черепно-мозговой травме. М.: «Антидор»; 1998: 429–439.Kolesov S. N., Volovik M. G., Kravets P. Y. Thermal imaging and radiothermometry in traumatic brain injury. In book.: Konovalov A.N. (Ed.). Clinical guideline to traumatic brain injury. М.: «Antidor»; 1998: 429–439 [In Russ.].Чебоксаров Д.В., Бутров А.В., Шевелев О.А. Диагностические возможности неинвазивного термомониторинга головного мозга. Анестезиология и реаниматология. 2015; 60 (1): 66–69.Cheboksarov D. V., Butrov A.V., Shevelev O. A. Diagnostic possibilities of noninvasive thermomonitoring of the brain. Anestesiol. reanimatol.. 2015; 60 (1): 66–69 [In Russ.].Шевелев О.А., Бутров А.В., Чебоксаров Д.В., Ходорович Н.А., Лапаев Н.Н., Покатилова Н.С. Патогенетическая роль церебральной гипертермии при поражениях головного мозга. Клиническая медицина.2017; 95 (4): 302–309.Shevelev O. A., Butrov A.V., Cheboksary D. V., Khodorovich N. A., Lapaev N. N., Pokatilova N. S. Pathogenetic role of cerebral hyperthermia in brain impairment. Klinicheskaya meditsina. 2017; 95 (4): 302–309 [In Russ.].Molojavyi A., Preckel B., Comfère T. Effects of ketamine and its isomers on ischemic preconditioning in the isolated rat heart. Anesthesiology. 2001; 94 (4): 623–629. DOI: 10.1097/00000542-200104000-00016Molojavyi A., Preckel B., Comfère T. Effects of ketamine and its isomers on ischemic preconditioning in the isolated rat heart. Anesthesiology. 2001; 94(4): 623–629. DOI: 10.1097/00000542-200104000-00016Kozlowski R.Z., Ashford M.L. Barbiturates inhibit ATP-K+ channels and voltage-activated currents in CRI-G1 insulin-secreting cells. Br. J. Pharmacol. 1991; 103 (4): 2021–2029. PMID: 1912991Kozlowski R.Z., Ashford M.L. Barbiturates inhibit ATP-K+ channels and voltage-activated currents in CRI-G1 insulin-secreting cells. Br. J. Pharmacol. 1991; 103 (4): 2021–2029. PMID: 1912991Tsutsumi Y., Oshita S., Kitahata H. Blockade of adenosine triphosphatesensitive potassium channels by thiamylal in rat ventricular myocytes. Anesthesiology. 2000; 92 (4): 1154–1159. DOI: 10.1097/00000542-200004000-00034Tsutsumi Y., Oshita S., Kitahata H. Blockade of adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium channels by thiamylal in rat ventricular myocytes. Anesthesiology. 2000; 92 (4): 1154–1159. DOI: 10.1097/00000542- 200004000-00034Lochner A., Genade S., Tromp E. Ischemic preconditioning and the beta-adrenergic signal transduction pathway. Circulation. 1999; 9: 958–966. PMID: 10468527 DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.100.9.958Lochner A., Genade S., Tromp E. Ischemic preconditioning and the beta-adrenergic signal transduction pathway. Circulation. 1999; 9: 958–966. PMID: 10468527 DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.100.9.958Cain B.S., Meldrum D.R., Cleveland J.C Jr. Clinical L-type Ca (2+) channel blockade prevents ischemic preconditioning of human myocardium. Mol. Cell Cardiol. 1999; 31 (12): 2191–2197. PMID: 10640446 DOI: 10.1006/jmcc.1999.1039Cain B.S., Meldrum D.R., Cleveland J.C Jr. Clinical L-type Ca(2+) channel blockade prevents ischemic preconditioning of human myocardium. Mol. Cell Cardiol. 1999; 31 (12): 2191–2197. PMID: 10640446 DOI: 10.1006/jmcc.1999.1039Мattia C., Coluzzi F. COX-2 inhibitors: pharmacological data and adverse effects. Minerva Anestesiol. 2005; 7: 461–470. PMID: 16012420Мattia C., Coluzzi F. COX-2 inhibitors: pharmacological data and adverse effects. Minerva Anestesiol. 2005; 7: 461–470. PMID: 16012420

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.