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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rmt</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Общая реаниматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>General Reanimatology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1813-9779</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-7110</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBI "SRIGR" RAMS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15360/1813-9779-2020-2-77-93</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rmt-1886</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ И КРАТКИЕ СООБЩЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS &amp; SHORT COMMUNICATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Современная вазопрессорная терапия септического шока (обзор)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modern Vasopressor Therapy of Septic Shock (Review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кочкин</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kochkin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Александрович Кочкин</p><p>129110, г. Москва, ул. Щепкина, д. 61/2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander A. Kochkin</p><p>61/2 Shchepkin Str., Moscow 129110</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">favor2991@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яворовский</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yavorovskiy</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119991, г. Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey G. Yavorovskiy</p><p>8 Trubetskaya Str., Bldg. 2, 119991 Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Берикашвили</surname><given-names>Л. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Berikashvili</surname><given-names>L. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>129110, г. Москва, ул. Щепкина, д. 61/2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Levan B. Berikashvili</p><p>61/2 Shchepkin Str., Moscow 129110</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лихванцев</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Likhvantsev</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>129110, г. Москва, ул. Щепкина, д. 61/2; 119991, г. Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valery V. Likhvantsev</p><p>61/2 Shchepkin Str., Moscow 129110; 8 Trubetskaya Str., Bldg. 2, 119991 Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский областной научно-исследовательский клинический институт им. М. Ф. Владимирского</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>M. F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И. М. Сеченова Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский областной научно-исследовательский клинический институт им. М. Ф. Владимирского; Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И. М. Сеченова Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>M. F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute; I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>04</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>77</fpage><lpage>93</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кочкин А.А., Яворовский А.Г., Берикашвили Л.Б., Лихванцев В.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кочкин А.А., Яворовский А.Г., Берикашвили Л.Б., Лихванцев В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kochkin A.A., Yavorovskiy A.G., Berikashvili L.B., Likhvantsev V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/1886">https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/1886</self-uri><abstract><p>Септический шок, как наиболее тяжелая форма течения сепсиса, характеризуется высокой летальностью, достигающей 40%, несмотря на использование самых современных стандартов диагностики и лечения. В патогенезе септического шока ведущая роль принадлежит вазоплегии, соответственно, и терапия обсуждаемого состояния предполагает использование вазоконстрикторов, наряду со стандартным назначением инфузионной терапии, антибиотиков и симптоматическим лечением. Выбор конкретного вазоактивного препарата — сложная задача для практикующего анестезиолога, т. к. наряду с, несомненно, положительными свойствами, каждый вазоконстриктор обладает своим спектром нежелательных побочных эффектов, что, конечно же, необходимо учитывать при определении тактики лечения.</p><sec><title>Цель обзора</title><p>Цель обзора: комплексная оценка многофакторного воздействия на пациента различных вазоконстрикторов для определения критериев выбора оптимального препарата (или комбинации препаратов) при септическом шоке.</p><p>Поиск проводили по базам данных PubMed и Scopus, окончательный отбор 89 источников осуществили в соответствии со следующими критериям: отношение к теме данного обзора и характер статьи — в окончательный анализ вошли только рандомизированные контролируемые исследования, рекомендации и аналитические обзоры.</p><p>Рассмотрели внешние и внутренние механизмы регуляции сосудистого тонуса, включая факторы вырабатываемые эндотелием (оксид азота, простациклин, эндотелин); вазоактивные метаболиты и аутокоиды — сигнальные молекулы локального действия (серотонин, простагландины, тромбоксан А2). Соответственно, проанализировали препараты, механизм действия которых связан с влиянием на адренергические (адреналин, дофамин, норадреналин, фенилэфрин, добутамин), вазопрессиновые (вазопрессин, терлипрессин, селепрессин) рецепторы, синтетические аналоги ангиотензина (ангиотензин II) и препараты, вазопрессорный эффект которых не связан с рецепторным аппаратом (метиленовый синий, левосимендан, гидрокортизон).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Высокая эффективность норадреналина, его положительные гемодинамические эффекты делают этот препарат, во многом, универсальным средством для купирования септического шока. Однако рефрактерный шок обуславливает использование высоких доз норадреналина, что приводит к увеличению риска неблагоприятных реакций. Предотвратить подобные осложнения призвана сочетанная стимуляция адренергических и лиганда V — рецепторов терлипрессином. Однако, на сегодняшний день не существует четких рекомендаций по применению терлипрессина при септическом шоке, что ограничивает его использование в клинической практике.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Septic shock, as the most severe form of sepsis, is characterized by high mortality reaching 40% despite the use of the most modern standards of diagnosis and treatment. In the thanatogenesis of septic shock, vasoplegia plays a leading role, respectively, and therapy of the condition under discussion involves the use of vasoconstrictors, along with the standard prescription of infusion therapy, antibiotics and symptomatic treatment. The choice of a specific vasoactive drug is a difficult task for a practicing anesthetist, as along with undoubtedly positive properties, vasoconstrictors each have their own spectrum of undesirable side effects, which, of course, must be taken into account when determining treatment tactics.</p><sec><title>The aim of review</title><p>The aim of review: A comprehensive assessment of the multifactorial effect of various vasoconstrictors on the patient to determine the criteria for choosing the optimal drug (or a combination of drugs) in septic shock.</p><p>The search was carried out using PubMed and Scopus databases, the final selection of 89 articles was carried out in accordance with the following criteria: relevance to the topic of this review and the nature of the article — only randomized controlled trials, guidelines and analytical reviews were included in the final analysis.</p><p>External and internal mechanisms of vascular tone regulation are considered, including factors produced by endothelium (nitric oxide, prostacyclin, endothelin); vasoactive metabolites and autocoids — signal molecules of local action (serotonin, prostaglandins, thromboxane A2). Accordingly, drugs were analyzed the mechanism of action of which is related to the effect on adrenergic (adrenaline, dopamine, norepinephrine, phenylephrine, dobutamine), vasopressin (vasopressin, terlipressin, selepressin) receptors, synthetic analogues of angiotensin (angiotensin II) and drugs the non-vasopressor effect of which is not linked with the receptor apparatus (methylene blue, levosimendan, hydrocortisone).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The high effectiveness of norepinephrine, its positive hemodynamic effects make the drug under discussion, in many ways, a universal remedy for the relief of septic shock. However, refractory shock may require the introduction of such high doses of norepinephrine that the occurrence of adverse reactions will become practically inevitable. The combined use of adrenergic and ligand V receptors, terlipressin, is intended to prevent these complications. However, to date, there are no clear recommendations on the use of terlipressin in septic shock, which limits its use in clinical practice.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сепсис</kwd><kwd>септический шок</kwd><kwd>вазопрессорная поддержка</kwd><kwd>вазоплегия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>sepsis</kwd><kwd>septic shock</kwd><kwd>vasopressor support</kwd><kwd>vasoplegia</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Burgdorff A.-M., Bucher M., Schumann J. Vasoplegia in patients with sepsis and septic shock: pathways and mechanisms. J Int Med Res. 2018; 46 (4): 1303–1310. PMID: 29332515, DOI: 10.1177/0300060517743836</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Burgdorff A.-M., Bucher M., Schumann J. Vasoplegia in patients with sepsis and septic shock: pathways and mechanisms. J Int Med Res. 2018; 46 (4): 1303–1310. 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