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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rmt</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Общая реаниматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>General Reanimatology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1813-9779</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-7110</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBI "SRIGR" RAMS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15360/1813-9779-2020-4-21-31</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rmt-1945</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И ПРАКТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL STUDIES AND PRACTICE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Когнитивный статус и факторы риска когнитивных нарушений у диализных пациентов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cognitive Status and Risk Factors for Cognitive Impairment in Dialysis Patients</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хрулев</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khrulev</surname><given-names>A. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Толбузова</surname><given-names>Д. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tolbuzova</surname><given-names>D. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Плохенко</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Plokhenko</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Егорова</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Egorova</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сорокоумова</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sorokoumova</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Светлана Николаевна Сорокоумова  </p><p>129226, г. Москва, ул. Вильгельма Пика, д. 4, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana N. Sorokoumova</p><p>4 Wilhelm Pieck Str., Bldg. 1, 129226</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">4013@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Суворова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Suvorova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>603950, г. Н. Новгород, ул. Ульянова, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Янкевич</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yankevich</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Приволжский исследовательский медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Privolzhsky Research Medical University,</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Academy for National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский государственный социальный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian State Social University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Нижегородский государственный педагогический университет им. Козьмы Минина</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kozma Minin Nizhny Novgorod State Pedagogical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный научно-клинический центр реаниматологии и реабилитологии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>08</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>21</fpage><lpage>31</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Хрулев А.Е., Толбузова Д.Д., Плохенко Е.А., Егорова П.А., Сорокоумова С.Н., Суворова О.В., Янкевич Д.С., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хрулев А.Е., Толбузова Д.Д., Плохенко Е.А., Егорова П.А., Сорокоумова С.Н., Суворова О.В., Янкевич Д.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khrulev A.Е., Tolbuzova D.D., Plokhenko E.A., Egorova P.A., Sorokoumova S.N., Suvorova O.V., Yankevich D.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/1945">https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/1945</self-uri><abstract><p>Число диализных пациентов ежегодно увеличивается и составляет более 2 млн. человек, при этом доля ежегодного прироста диализных программ исчисляется 6-12%. Отмечается высокая корреляция между наличием когнитивных нарушений и летальностью диализных пациентов, что обуславливает актуальность скрининга когнитивных функций у диализных больных с использованием различных нейропсихологических шкал.</p><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: изучение когнитивного статуса и выявление когнитивных нарушений у пациентов с терминальной стадией хронической болезни почек, корригируемой методом программного гемодиализа, а также оценка факторов риска развития когнитивных нарушений у данной категории больных.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Обследовали 83 человека в возрасте от 28 до 78 лет (средний возраст 56,7±13,7 лет). Основную группу составили 53 человека, получавшие программный гемодиализ: 23 мужчины и 30 женщин. Средний возраст больных в этой группе составил 58,3±13,3 лет. Группу контроля составили 30 человек без патологии почек: 13 мужчин и 17 женщин. Средний возраст в группе контроля составил 53,6±14,9 лет. Для выявления когнитивных нарушений и оценки нейропсихологического статуса выбрали шкалы MoCA и SLUMS. Использовали методы математической обработки данных исследования: индуктивная статистика, корреляционный анализ.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Выявили, что у диализных пациентов когнитивные нарушения встречаются значительно чаще (75,5–81,1% случаев, p=0,05) по сравнению с лицами, не имеющими патологии почек. Показали большую чувствительность шкалы SLUMS по отношению к MoCA (p=0,05, доверительный интервал / ДИ — 95,0%). Факторами риска развития когнитивных нарушений у диализных пациентов являлись увеличение стажа диализа и возраста больных (rs=–0,298*, низкий расчетный индекс адекватности диализа по мочевине (Kt/V менее 1,2).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. У диализных пациентов определяется высокий риск развития когнитивных нарушений, для своевременного выявления которых практикующим врачам рекомендуется использовать скрининговые нейропсихологические исследования. Наличие когнитивных нарушений, по результатам тестирования, является показанием к консультации специалиста.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The number of dialysis patients is increasing every year and is estimated to be more than 2 million, with an annual increase of 6–12% in dialysis programs. There is a high correlation between cognitive impairment and mortality in dialysis patients, which suggests the relevance of screening cognitive functions in dialysis patients using diﬀerent neuropsychological scales.</p><p>Aim of the study was to test the cognitive status and identify cognitive impairment in patients with terminal stage of chronic kidney disease treated using program hemodialysis, as well as to evaluate risk factors for cognitive impairment in this category of patients.</p><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. 83 patients aged 28 to 78 years (mean age 56.7±13.7 years) were examined. The main group included 53 people who received program hemodialysis, of them 23 men and 30 women. The mean age of patients in this group was 58.3±13.3 years. The control group composed of 30 individuals without kidney diseases, including 13 men and 17 women. The mean age in the control group was 53.6±14.9 years. The MoCA and SLUMS scales were chosen for detecting cognitive impairment and assessment of neuropsychological status. We used mathematical methods of research data processing such as inductive statistics and correlation analysis.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Cognitive impairment was found to be signiﬁcantly more frequent in dialysis patients (75.5–81.1% of cases, P=0.05) compared to those without kidney pathology. The SLUMS scale was shown to be more sensitive than MoCA (P=0.05, CI 95.0%). The risk factors of cognitive impairment in dialysis patients included increased dialysis duration, age (rs=–0.298) and low estimated urea dialysis adequacy index (Kt/V less than 1.2).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. A high risk of cognitive impairment is common in dialysis patients. For its timely detection,  the screening neuropsychological test are recommended to be used by clinicians. Cognitive impairment, diagnosed by the tests, is an indication for a specialist consultation.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Ключевые слова: хроническая болезнь почек</kwd><kwd>программный гемодиализ</kwd><kwd>когнитивные нарушения</kwd><kwd>нейропсихологическое исследование</kwd><kwd>MoCA</kwd><kwd>SLUMS</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chronic kidney disease</kwd><kwd>program hemodialysis</kwd><kwd>cognitive impairment</kwd><kwd>neuropsychological study</kwd><kwd>MoCA</kwd><kwd>SLUMS</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шутов А.М. Хроническая болезнь почек — глобальная проблема XXI века. Клиническая медицина. 2014; 92 (5): 5–10.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">P-	Shutov A.M. Chronic kidney disease is a global problem of the XXI century. 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