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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rmt</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Общая реаниматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>General Reanimatology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1813-9779</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-7110</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBI "SRIGR" RAMS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15360/1813-9779-2021-2-37-44</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rmt-2051</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ И ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Характеристика общепатологических процессов в легких при отравлении баклофеном</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lung Histopathology in Baclofen Intoxication</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Романова</surname><given-names>О. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Romanova</surname><given-names>O. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Романова Ольга Леонидовна.</p><p>117198, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6; 107031, Москва, ул. Петровка, д. 25, стр. 2.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga L. Romanova.</p><p>6 Miklukho-Maclaya Str., 117198 Moscow; 25 Petrovka Str., Bldg. 2, 107031 Moscow.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olgpharm@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сундуков</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sundukov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>107031, Москва, ул. Петровка, д. 25, стр. 2.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry V. Sundukov.</p><p>6 Miklukho-Maclaya Str., 117198 Moscow.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Голубев</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Golubev</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>107045, Москва, Сретенский тупик, д. 4.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail A. Golubev.</p><p>4 Sretensky tupik, Moscow 107045.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Благонравов</surname><given-names>М. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Blagonravov</surname><given-names>M. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117198, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail L. Blagonravov.</p><p>6 Miklukho-Maclaya Str., 117198 Moscow.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ершов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ershov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>107031, Москва, ул. Петровка, д. 25, стр. 2; 119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anton V. Ershov.</p><p>25 Petrovka Str., Bldg. 2, 107031 Moscow; 8 Trubetskaya Str., Bldg. 2, 119991 Moscow.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский университет дружбы народов; НИИ общей реаниматологии им. В.А. Неговского ФНКЦ РР</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Peoples' Friendship University of Russia; V.A. Negovsky Research Institute of General Reanimatology, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>НИИ общей реаниматологии им. В.А. Неговского ФНКЦ РР</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Peoples' Friendship University of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Корпорация «Медицинские электронные данные»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Corporation «Medical electronic data»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский университет дружбы народов</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Peoples' Friendship University of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>НИИ общей реаниматологии им. В.А. Неговского ФНКЦ РР; Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.A. Negovsky Research Institute of General Reanimatology, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>04</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>37</fpage><lpage>44</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Романова О.Л., Сундуков Д.В., Голубев М.А., Благонравов М.Л., Ершов А.В., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Романова О.Л., Сундуков Д.В., Голубев М.А., Благонравов М.Л., Ершов А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Romanova O.L., Sundukov D.V., Golubev M.A., Blagonravov M.L., Ershov A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/2051">https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/2051</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Качественная и количественная оценка гистоморфологических изменений в легких при острых отравлениях баклофеном и его комбинацией в той же дозе с этанолом через 3 часа после отравления.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Эксперимент проводили на 15 крысах-самцах линии Wistar массой 290-350 г. и возрастом 20 недель. Животных распределили на 3 группы по 5 животных: контрольная группа — интактные крысы; 1-я группа — крысы, получавшие баклофен в виде монопрепарата; 2-я группа — крысы, получавшие комбинацию баклофена и этанола.</p><p>Баклофен вводили перорально в дозе 85 мг/кг массы животного под наркозом (хлоролаза), 40% этанол в дозе 7 мл/кг массы животного вводили с той же дозой баклофена перорально. Животных всех групп выводили из эксперимента через 3 часа путем передозировки наркоза. Образцы ткани легких исследовали методом световой микроскопии с использованием видеосистемы при увеличении х400. Оценивали следующие гистологические признаки: нарушение кровообращения (полнокровие капилляров и венул, кровоизлияния в межальвеолярные перегородки, кровоизлияния в альвеолы, сладж), наличие ателектазов и дистелектазов, эмфиземы, клеточной реакции (увеличение числа лейкоцитов на территории межальвеолярных перегородок), утолщение межальвеолярных перегородок за счет отека, слущивание эпителия в просвет бронхов. Измеряли диаметр альвеол и толщину межальвеолярных перегородок.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Через 3 часа после введения баклофена в легких выявили нарушение кровообращения (полнокровия венул и капилляров, кровоизлияния в межальвеолярные перегородки, сладж), появление эмфиземы, ателектазов и дистелектазов и клеточную реакцию (инфильтрация межальвеолярных перегородок лейкоцитами). Во 2-й группе животных через 3 часа обнаружили нарушение кровообращения (полнокровие венул и капилляров, сладжа), эмфизему, ателектазы и дистелектазы, клеточную реакцию (инфильтрация лейкоцитами), а также секрет в просвете бронхиол. В 1-й группе, диаметр альвеол был статистически значимо больше, чем в контрольной и 2-й группах, а толщина межальвеолярных перегородок, напротив, меньше. Во 2-й группе диаметр альвеол был статистически значимо меньше, чем в 1-й группе, но больше, чем в контрольной. Толщина межальвеолярных перегородок во 2-й группе была статистически значимо больше, чем в контрольной и 1-й группах.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. При введении баклофена и его комбинации с этанолом в легких развивается комплекс общепатологических процессов: расстройство кровообращения (венулярное и капиллярное полнокровие, сладж), повышение проницаемости сосудов в условиях развивающейся гипоксии, инфильтрация межальвеолярных перегородок лейкоцитами. Морфологические изменения могут быть использованы для оценки степени выраженности общепатологических процессов при отравлении баклофеном и его сочетанием с этанолом и установления условий его действия (монопрепарат, комбинация с этанолом).</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>The aim of the study</title><p>The aim of the study: to assess the lung histopathology in acute intoxication with baclofen alone and its combination with alcohol (in the same dose) 3 hours after the ingestion.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study was performed on 15 male Wistar rats weighing 290-350 g and aged 20 weeks. The animals were divided into 3 groups, 5 animals each: control group that included intact rats; Group 1 composed of rats received baclofen alone; Group 2 that included rats received a combination of baclofen and ethanol. Baclofen was administered orally at a dose of 85 mg/kg animal weight under anesthesia (chloralose), and 40% ethanol, 7 ml/kg animal weight, was orally administered along with baclofen at the same dose. Animals of all groups were sacrificed after 3 hours by overdosing anesthetic agent. Lung tissue samples were examined by light microscopy using a video system at x400 magnification. The following histological characteristics were evaluated: circulatory disorders (engorged capillaries and venules, hemorrhages in interalveolar septa and alveoli, sludge), atelectasis (including partial), emphysema, cellular response (increased WBCs in the interalveolar septal area), thickening of interalveolar septa due to edema, epithelial desquamation into bronchial lumen. The diameter of alveoli and thickness of interalveolar septa were measured.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Three hours after the baclofen administration, circulatory disorders in the lungs (engorged venules and capillaries, hemorrhages in the interalveolar septa, sludge), emphysema, atelectasis (complete and partial) as well as cellular response (leucocyte infiltration of interalveolar septa) were detected. In the Group 2, baclofen resulted in circulatory disorders (engorged venules and capillaries, sludge), emphysema, atelectasis (complete and incomplete), cellular response (infiltration with leukocytes), as well as fluid in the lumen of bronchioles. In Group 1, the alveolar diameter was significantly larger than in the control group and Group 2, while the thickness of the interalveolar septa was lower. In group 2, alveolar diameter was significantly less than in group 1, but still greater than in the control group. The thickness of the interalveolar septa in group 2 was significantly greater than in the control group and group 1.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. After administration of baclofen alone and in combination with ethanol, the following alterations were found in the lungs: circulation disorders (venular and capillary engorgement, sludge), increased vascular permeability because of developing hypoxia, leukocyte infiltration of interalveolar septa. The monitoring of morphological alterations may aid in evaluating the severity of pathological processes in intoxication with baclofen alone and in combination with ethanol and in determining the method of intoxication (baclofen alone or in combination with ethanol).</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>баклофен</kwd><kwd>легкие</kwd><kwd>гистоморфологические изменения</kwd><kwd>отравление</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>baclofen</kwd><kwd>lungs</kwd><kwd>histopathological changes</kwd><kwd>intoxication</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ливанов Г.А., Лодягин А.Н., Разина А.А., Глушков С.И., Иванова А.А., Волчкова Е.В., Батоцыренов Б.В. Благоприятный исход острого тяжелого отравления метадоном (клиническое наблюдение). Общая реаниматология. 2018; 14 (5): 25-31. 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