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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rmt</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Общая реаниматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>General Reanimatology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1813-9779</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-7110</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBI "SRIGR" RAMS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15360/1813-9779-2021-2-55-71</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rmt-2053</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ И ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние окклюзии общих сонных артерий на двуядерные клеточные образования сенсомоторной коры большого мозга крыс</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Common Carotid Artery Occlusion and Double-Nucleated Cellular Structures In The Rat Sensorimotor Cerebral Cortex</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Авдеев</surname><given-names>Д. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Avdeev</surname><given-names>D. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Авдеев Дмитрий Борисович.</p><p>644099, Омск, ул. Ленина, д. 12.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry B. Avdeev.</p><p>12 Lenin Str., 644099 Omsk.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">avdeev86@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Акулинин</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akulinin</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>644099, Омск, ул. Ленина, д. 12.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Victor A. Akulinin.</p><p>12 Lenin Str., 644099 Omsk.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Степанов</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stepanov</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>644099, Омск, ул. Ленина, д. 12.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergei S. Stepanov.</p><p>12 Lenin Str., 644099 Omsk.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шоронова</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shoronova</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>644099, Омск, ул. Ленина, д. 12.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia Yu. Shoronova.</p><p>12 Lenin Str., 644099 Omsk.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макарьева</surname><given-names>Л. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarieva</surname><given-names>L. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>644099, Омск, ул. Ленина, д. 12.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyubov M. Makarieva.</p><p>12 Lenin Str., 644099 Omsk.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горбунова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorbunova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>644099, Омск, ул. Ленина, д. 12.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna V. Gorbunova.</p><p>12 Lenin Str., 644099 Omsk.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коржук</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korzhuk</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>644099, Омск, ул. Ленина, д. 12.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail S. Korzhuk.</p><p>12 Lenin Str., 644099 Omsk.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маркелова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Markelov</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>644099, Омск, ул. Ленина, д. 12.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina V. Markelov.</p><p>12 Lenin Str., 644099 Omsk.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Омский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Omsk State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>04</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>55</fpage><lpage>71</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Авдеев Д.Б., Акулинин В.А., Степанов С.С., Шоронова А.Ю., Макарьева Л.М., Горбунова А.В., Коржук М.С., Маркелова М.В., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Авдеев Д.Б., Акулинин В.А., Степанов С.С., Шоронова А.Ю., Макарьева Л.М., Горбунова А.В., Коржук М.С., Маркелова М.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Avdeev D.B., Akulinin V.A., Stepanov S.S., Shoronova A.Y., Makarieva L.M., Gorbunova A.V., Korzhuk M.S., Markelov M.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/2053">https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/2053</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Изучить двуядерные клеточные образования сенсомоторной коры (СМК) большого мозга половозрелых белых крыс после 40-минутной окклюзии общих сонных артерий.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы исследования</title><p>Методы исследования. Острую ишемию моделировали на белых крысах Wistar путем 40-минутной окклюзии общих сонных артерий (ООСА). Проводили сравнительную морфометрическую оценку цито-, дендро, синапто- и глиоархитектоники неокортекса в норме (n=5), через 1 (n=5), 3 (n=5) и 7 суток (n=5) после ООСА. Использовали окраски по Нисслю, гематоксилином и эозином, иммуногистохимические реакции на NSE, MAP-2, HSP-70, p38, caspase-3, GFAP, AIF1 и Ki-67. Оценивали численную плотность пирамидных нейронов, олигодендроцитов (ОДЦ), микроглиоцитов (МГЦ), содержание дистрофически и некробиотически измененных нейронов, с одним и более ядрышками, гетеро- и дикарионов. Проверку статистических гипотез проводили с помощью программы Statistica 8.0.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. После ООСА статистически значимо увеличивалось содержание дистрофически и некробиотически измененных нейронов, содержание нейронов с двумя ядрами, с двумя и более ядрышками, общее количество (пролиферация) и содержание гипертрофированных астроцитов, ОДЦ и МГЦ. В течение всего периода наблюдения общая численная плотность нейронов СМК после ООСА в слое III уменьшалась на 26,4% (p=0,001), а слое V — на 18,5% (Mann-Whitney U-test; p=0,01). Патологические и компенсаторно-восстановительные изменения носили диффузно-очаговый характер и проявлялись более выражено в слое III неокортекса. Содержание двуядерных гетерокарионов и дикарионов через 1-и и 3-е суток после ООСА в сравнении с контролем — 3,5 (1,5-4,0)/мм2 — не изменялось, а через 7 суток увеличивалось до 6,5 (5,0-8,5)/мм2 (Mann-Whitney U-test; p=0,002). Увеличение происходило на фоне более высокого, чем в контроле, содержания ОДЦ и МГЦ. В этот период в слое III и V также отметили максимальное количество нейронов с двумя и более ядрышками.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. После 40-минутной ООСА в СМК на фоне дистрофических и некробиотических изменений пирамидных нейронов и активации нейроглиальных клеток происходило увеличение образования гетерокарионов и нейронов с амплифицированным ядрышком. Выявленные изменения рассматривали как один из вариантов реакции нейронов на ишемическое повреждение.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>The aim of the study</title><p>The aim of the study. To study the double-nucleated cellular structures of the brain sensorimotor cortex (SMC) of sexually mature white rats after a 40-minute occlusion of the common carotid arteries.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. Acute ischemia was simulated in white Wistar rats by 40-minute occlusion of the common carotid arteries (OCCA). We performed comparative morphometric evaluation of cyto-, dendro-, synapto-, and glioar-chitectonics of the neocortex in intact animals (n=5), and 1 (n=5), 3 (n=5), and 7 days (n=5) after OCCA. We used Nissl, hematoxylin and eosin staining, and immunohistochemical reactions for NSE, MAP-2, HSP-70, p38, caspase-3, GFAP, AIF1, and Ki-67. Numerical density of pyramidal neurons, oligodendrocytes (ODCs), mi-croglyocytes (MGCs), presence of dystrophic and necrobiotic neurons with one or more nucleoli, hetero- and dikaryons were assessed. Statistical hypotheses were tested using Statistica 8.0 software.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The percentage of dystrophic and necrobiotic neurons, nerve cells with two nuclei or two or more nucleoli, the total number (proliferation) and percentage of hypertrophic astrocytes, ODCs and MGCs increased significantly after OCCA. The total numerical density of SMC neurons decreased by 26.4% (P=0.001) in layer III and by 18.5% in layer V (Mann-Whitney U Test; P=0.01) after OCCA throughout the observation period. Pathological and compensatory changes were diffusely focal and more pronounced in layer III of the neocortex. The density of bi-nucleated heterokaryons and dikaryons remained unchanged on days 1 and 3 after OCCA vs control and was 3.5 (1.5-4.0)/mm2, and increased to 6.5 (5.0-8.5)/mm2 on day 7 (Mann-Whitney U Test; P=0.002). This increase occurred along with a higher density of ODCs and MGCs than in the control. The maximum number of neurons with two or more nucleoli was also noted in layer III and V during this period.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. After 40-minute OCCA in SMC, parallel to the dystrophic and necrobiotic changes of pyramidal neurons and activation of neuroglial cells, there was an increase in the formation of heterokaryons and neurons with amplified nucleolus. These changes were considered as a variant of neuronal response to ischemic damage.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>острая ишемия</kwd><kwd>неокортекс</kwd><kwd>двуядерные нейроны</kwd><kwd>астроглия</kwd><kwd>микроглия</kwd><kwd>иммуногистохимия</kwd><kwd>морфометрия</kwd><kwd>крысы Wistar</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>acute ischemia</kwd><kwd>neocortex</kwd><kwd>bi-nucleated neurons</kwd><kwd>astroglia</kwd><kwd>microglia</kwd><kwd>immunohistochemistry</kwd><kwd>morphometry</kwd><kwd>Wistar rats</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Данная работа выполнена при поддержке Омского государственного медицинского университета в рамках подготовки и аттестации научно-педагогических и научных кадров.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was supported by the Omsk State Medical University as part of the training and certification program for scientific and teaching staff.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Аврущенко М.Ш., Острова И.В. 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