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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rmt</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Общая реаниматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>General Reanimatology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1813-9779</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-7110</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBI "SRIGR" RAMS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15360/1813-9779-2021-4-65-76</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rmt-2102</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ И КРАТКИЕ СООБЩЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS &amp; SHORT COMMUNICATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Современные подходы к терапии травматического шока (обзор)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Current Approaches to the Treatment of Traumatic Shock (Review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Остапченко</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ostapchenko</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Анатольевич Остапченко</p><p>107031, г. Москва, ул. Петровка, д. 25, стр. 2119049, г. Москва, Ленинский пр-т, д. 8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry A. Ostapchenko</p><p>25 Petrovka Str., Bldg. 2, 107031 Moscow8 Leninsky Ave., 119049 Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">daostapchenko@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гутников</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gutnikov</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119049, г. Москва, Ленинский пр-т, д. 8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey I. Gutnikov</p><p>8 Leninsky Ave., 119049 Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Давыдова</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Davydova</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>123182, Москва, ул. Пехотная, д.3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyubov A. Davydova</p><p>3 Pekhotnaya Str., 123182 Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>НИИ общей реаниматологии им. В. А. Неговского ФНКЦ РР; Городская клиническая больница №1 им. Н. И. Пирогова ДЗМ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V. A. Negovsky Research Institute of General Reanimatology, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology; N. I. Pirogov City Clinical Hospital № 1, Moscow City Health Department</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Городская клиническая больница №1 им. Н. И. Пирогова ДЗМ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N. I. Pirogov City Clinical Hospital № 1, Moscow City Health Department</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Городская клиническая больница №52 ДЗМ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>City Clinical Hospital № 52, Moscow City Health Department</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>08</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>65</fpage><lpage>76</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Остапченко Д.А., Гутников А.И., Давыдова Л.А., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Остапченко Д.А., Гутников А.И., Давыдова Л.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ostapchenko D.A., Gutnikov A.I., Davydova L.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/2102">https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/2102</self-uri><abstract><p>Клиническая картина шока характеризуется развитием системных гемодинамических, гемореологических, гипоксических и метаболических нарушений. В патогенезе развития травматического шока, как варианта гиповолемического шока, ведущие роли отводятся выраженности повреждающего воздействия, временному интервалу, достаточному для развития патологических реакций, несоответствию тканевой перфузии метаболическим потребностям организма, нарушению аэробного окисления в тканях. Комплексная применение многокомпонентной интенсивной терапии, временное соответствие патофизиологическим изменениям — достаточно сложная задача в аспекте практического применения анестезиологом-реаниматологом.</p><sec><title>Цель обзора</title><p>Цель обзора. Показать особенности и последовательность изменений, возникающих в организме при развитии травматического шока, закономерность проявления клинических признаков, возможности методов применения интенсивной терапии с учетом патологических реакций при травматическом шоке.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал</title><p>Материал. Поиск информации проводился в базах данных PubMed, РИНЦ, из которых окончательно отобрано 80 источников, отражающих современные лечебные подходы, результаты научных исследований по теме данного обзора, а также клинические рекомендации.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Рассмотрели основные этапы патогенеза травматического шока. Проанализировали основные закономерности развития сердечно-сосудистой и дыхательной недостаточности, оценили критерии степени их выраженности, показали сложность выбора способов и методов интенсивной терапии.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Респираторная поддержка, нормализация кардиогемодинамики и оптимизация кислородного статуса являются является важнейшими составляющими лечения пациентов с травматическим шоком. Современные способы контроля дыхательной недостаточности позволяют оперативно оценить степень расстройств функции дыхания, выявить причину и индивидуализировано подойти к коррекции имеющихся нарушений с учетом возросших возможностей искусственной вентиляции легких. Замещение объема циркулирующей крови направлено как на достижение гемодинамического эффекта, так и на восстановление содержания источников переносчиков кислорода и плазменных про- и антикоагулянтных факторов. Максимально ранняя и полноценная интенсивная терапия позволяет улучшить прогноз и исход у пациентов с травматическим шоком.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The clinical manifestation of shock is characterized by systemic circulatory disturbances andblood ﬂow, hypoxic and metabolic disorders. The leading role in the pathogenesis of traumatic shock (the subtype of a hypovolemic shock), is assigned to the severity of the damaging eﬀect, the time interval suﬃcient for the development of a pathophysiological response, mismatch between body tissue perfusion and the metabolic requirements, and impaired aerobic oxidation in tissues. The use of a comprehensive multicomponent intensive care strategy matching the pathophysiological changes is a diﬃcult challenge for a critical care physician.</p><p>The aim of the review is to demonstrate the speciﬁc features and sequence of events occurring in the body during the development of traumatic shock, the pattern of manifestations of clinical signs, and potential use of intensive therapy methods tailored to the pathophysiological responses in traumatic shock.</p><sec><title>Material</title><p>Material. The information search was carried out in the PubMed and RSCI databases, among which 80 sources were ﬁnally selected, representing current therapeutic approaches, the results of scientiﬁc research and clinical guidelines related to the scope of this review.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The main stages of traumatic shock pathogenesis were reviewed. The basic patterns of cardiovascular and respiratory failure development were analyzed, the criteria of their severity were evaluated, and the complexity of the selection of intensive therapy was shown.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Respiratory support, stabilization of cardiac and circulatory parameters and optimization of oxygen status are the most important components of treatment of patients with traumatic shock. Current methods of respiratory failure control allow to estimate promptly the severity of respiratory dysfunction, reveal the cause and correct existing disorders in an individualized way taking into account the better availability of mechanical ventilation. Replacement of circulating blood volume is aimed both at achieving hemodynamic eﬀect and restoring the concentration of sources of oxygen carriers and plasma pro- and anticoagulant factors. The earliest and most comprehensive intensive therapy can improve the prognosis and outcome in patients with traumatic shock.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>травматический шок</kwd><kwd>дыхательная недостаточность</kwd><kwd>интенсивная терапия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>traumatic shock</kwd><kwd>respiratory failure</kwd><kwd>intensive care</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мороз В.В., Бобринская И.Г., Васильев В.Ю., Спиридонова Е.А., Тишков Е.А., Голубев А.М. Шок. Учебно-методическое пособие. Научно-исследовательский институт общей реаниматологии им. В.А. Неговского. Москва, 2014.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moroz V. V., Bobrinskaya I. G., Vasiliev V. Yu., Spiridonova E. A., Tishkov E. A., Golubev A.M. Shock. Educational and methodological manual. 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