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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rmt</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Общая реаниматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>General Reanimatology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1813-9779</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-7110</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBI "SRIGR" RAMS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15360/1813-9779-2023-1-2202</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rmt-2202</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ И КРАТКИЕ СООБЩЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS &amp; SHORT COMMUNICATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Этиология и патогенез послеоперационной когнитивной дисфункции (обзор)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Etiology and Pathogenesis of Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction (Review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9135-6392</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Неймарк</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Neimark</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михаил Израилевич Неймарк, кафедра анестезиологии, реаниматологии и клинической фармакологии с курсом ДПО, зав.кафедрой, доктор медицинских наук, профессор</p><p>656038, г. Барнаул, пр. Ленина, д. 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail I. Neimark</p><p>40 Lenin Av., 656038 Barnaul, Altai District, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mineimark@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3246-7935</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шмелев</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shmelev</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вадим Валентинович Шмелев, кафедра анестезиологии, реаниматологии и клинической фармакологии с курсом ДПО, доктор медицинских наук, профессор</p><p>656038, г. Барнаул, пр. Ленина, д. 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vadim V. Shmelev</p><p>40 Lenin Av., 656038 Barnaul, Altai District, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vsh270104@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0915-1350</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рахмонов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rakhmonov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Абдухамит Абдуазизович Рахмонов, кафедра анестезиологии, реаниматологии и клинической фармакологии с курсом ДПО, ассистент</p><p>656038, г. Барнаул, пр. Ленина, д. 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Abdukhamid A. Rakhmonov</p><p>40 Lenin Av., 656038 Barnaul, Altai District, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">abduxamitr@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4218-8182</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Титова</surname><given-names>З. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Titova</surname><given-names>Z. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зоя Александровна Титова, кафедра анестезиологии, реаниматологии и клинической фармакологии с курсом ДПО, доцент</p><p>656038, г. Барнаул, пр. Ленина, д. 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zoya A. Titova</p><p>40 Lenin Av., 656038 Barnaul, Altai District, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zoy.t22@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Алтайский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Altai State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>02</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>60</fpage><lpage>71</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Неймарк М.И., Шмелев В.В., Рахмонов А.А., Титова З.А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Неймарк М.И., Шмелев В.В., Рахмонов А.А., Титова З.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Neimark M.I., Shmelev V.V., Rakhmonov A.A., Titova Z.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/2202">https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/2202</self-uri><abstract><p>Расстройства высших психических функций могут осложнить течение послеоперационного периода даже после непродолжительных и малоинвазивных, в том числе лапароскопических, хирургических операций. Послеоперационная когнитивная дисфункция значительно ухудшает качество жизни пациентов, нивелируя успешные результаты хирургического вмешательства и анестезиологического обеспечения. В ряде случаев ранняя послеоперационная когнитивная дисфункция может явиться одним из главных предикторов стойких когнитивных расстройств.</p><sec><title>Цель обзора</title><p>Цель обзора. Рассмотреть этиологию, патогенез и современное состояние проблемы послеоперационной когнитивной дисфункции. Анализировали 96 источников литературы в различных базах данных (PubMed, Medline, РИНЦ и другие), в том числе 67 источников, опубликованных в течение последних 5 лет. В обзоре представили информацию о современных дефинициях и классификации послеоперационной когнитивной дисфункции. Привели данные о распространенности, полиэтиологичности и факторах риска, возможной зависимости развития послеоперационной когнитивной дисфункции от вида анестезии и оперативного вмешательства. Рассмотрели различные варианты патогенеза расстройств высших психических функций и методов медикаментозной коррекции развившихся нарушений.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Причинами послеоперационной когнитивной дисфункции являются многочисленные неблагоприятные факторы периоперационного периода, в том числе нейротоксические эффекты препаратов общей анестезии, воспаление в ответ на операционный стресс и хирургическую травму, нарушения ауторегуляции мозгового кровотока, нарушения кислородного гомеостаза, нейротрансмиттерных взаимодействий и др. Дальнейшее изучение различных особенностей этиологии, патогенеза ранней послеоперационной когнитивной дисфункции актуально и необходимо для совершенствования методов профилактики и поиска путей эффективной медикаментозной коррекции развивающихся расстройств.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Impairment of higher mental functions can complicate the course of the postoperative period even after short and minimally invasive, including laparoscopic, surgical procedures. Postoperative cognitive dysfunction significantly challenges patients’ quality of life, negating real success of surgical intervention and anesthetic support. In some cases, early postoperative cognitive dysfunction may be one of the main predictors of persistent cognitive impairment.</p><p>The purpose of the review. To contemplate etiology, pathogenesis and the current perspective of postoperative cognitive dysfunction.</p><p>We analyzed 96 publications in various databases (PubMed, Medline, RSCI and others), including 67 papers published over the past 5 years.</p><p>The review provides an overview of current definitions and classification of postoperative cognitive dysfunction, data on the prevalence, polyethyology and risk factors, potential impact of the type of anesthesia and surgical intervention on the development of postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Various pathogenetic mechanisms of higher mental functions impairment alongside with available effective pharmacotherapies to correct them were considered.</p><p>Conclusion. Numerous adverse factors of the perioperative period, such as neurotoxic effects of general anesthetics, neuroinflammation in response to operational stress and surgical trauma, impaired autoregulation of the cerebral blood flow, imperfect oxygen homeostasis, interactions of neurotransmitter, etc., can potentially cause postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Further deeper insights into etiology and pathogenesis of early postoperative cognitive dysfunction are relevant and necessary to improve prevention strategies and identify most effective pharmacotherapies to correct such disorders.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>послеоперационная когнитивная дисфункция</kwd><kwd>высшие психические функции</kwd><kwd>нейропсихологическое тестирование</kwd><kwd>когнитивные расстройства</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>postoperative cognitive dysfunction</kwd><kwd>higher mental functions</kwd><kwd>neuropsychological testing</kwd><kwd>cognitive disorders</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Александрович Ю.С., Акименко Т.И., Пшениснов К.В. Послеоперационная когнитивная дисфункция — является ли она проблемой для анестезиолога-реаниматолога? 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