rmtОбщая реаниматологияGeneral Reanimatology1813-97792411-7110FSBI "SRIGR" RAMS10.15360/1813-9779-2022-5-44-59rmt-2261Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ И КРАТКИЕ СООБЩЕНИЯREVIEWS & SHORT COMMUNICATIONSОрганопротективные свойств аргона (обзор)Organoprotective Properties of Argon (Review)БоеваЕ. А.BoevaE. A.

Екатерина Александровна Боева

107031, Москва, ул. Петровка, д. 25, стр. 2

Ekaterina A. Boeva

25 Petrovka Str., Bldg. 2, 107031 Moscow

eboeva@fnkcrr.ruГребенчиковО. А.GrebenchikovO. A.

107031, Москва, ул. Петровка, д. 25, стр. 2

Oleg A. Grebenchikov

25 Petrovka Str., Bldg. 2, 107031 Moscow

НИИ общей реаниматологии им. В.А. Неговского, Федеральное научно-клиническое центр реаниматологии и реабилитологии (ФНКЦ РР)РоссияV. A. Negovsky Research Institute of General Reanimatology, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and RehabilitologyRussian Federation2022241020221854459Copyright © Боева Е.А., Гребенчиков О.А., 20222022Боева Е.А., Гребенчиков О.А.Boeva E.A., Grebenchikov O.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/2261

История изучения органопротективных свойств аргона (Ar) начинается с 1998 г., когда коллектив российских авторов провел исследование воздействия гипоксических газовых смесей на организм млекопитающих. За несколько десятилетий были получены данные о кардио-, нейро-, нефропротективных свойствах аргона при различных патологических состояниях в экспериментальных моделях in vivo и in vitro. Однако, отсутствие на сегодняшний день клинических исследований побудило нас провести систематический обзор с анализом публикаций доклинических исследований, в которых были выявлены органопротективные свойства аргона, что, как представляется, позволило бы приступить к его клиническому изучению.

Цель обзора

Цель обзора. Изучение механизмов органопротективных свойств аргона в доклинических исследованиях.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы. В ходе поиска обнаружили 266 статей. Алгоритм поиска информации разработали в соответствии с требованиями и положениями отчетности для систематических обзоров и метаанализов (PRISMA) в базе данных PubMed и Google Scholar. Он включал в себя поиск исследований с использованием поисковых запросов, ключевых слов (в т.ч. MeSH) и логических операторов. Перечень ключевых слов в базе данных PubMed и Google Scholar: «argon», «ar», «protection», «mechanism». В обзор включили исследования, проводимые in vivo и in vitro.

Результаты

Результаты. В результате выявили следующие механизмы действия аргона: активация N-концевой киназы c-Jun (JNK), p38(ERK1/2), ERK1/2 на моделях эпителиальных клеток дыхательных путей, культурах нейронов и клеток астроглии, а также на модели ишемии сетчатки и реперфузионных повреждений у крыс и модели ишемии-реперфузии миокарда кроликов. На моделях мелких грызунов выявили достоверные нейропротективные эффекты аргона, а также его влияние на процессы апоптоза.

Заключение

Заключение. Результаты доклинических исследований аргона не только показали его безопасность, но и доказали органопротективные свойства на моделях in vitro, in vivo. Все вышеизложенное позволяет инициировать клинические исследования аргона, которые, как представляется, могли бы существенно улучшить исходы пациентов после церебральных катастроф, в частности, у пациентов после ишемического инсульта.

The history of studying the organoprotective properties of argon (Ar) began in 1998 when a group of Russian researchers investigated the effect of hypoxic gas mixtures on mammalian organisms. Over several decades, evidence of the cardio-, neuro-, and nephroprotective effects of argon in various diseases and conditions in experimental models in vivo and in vitro have been accumulated. However, the lack of clinical studies to date has prompted us to carry out a systematic review analyzing the results of preclinical studies revealing organoprotective properties of argon, which could provide a rationale for its future clinical studies.

The aim of this review is to describe the mechanisms of organoprotective properties of argon determined in preclinical studies.

Material and methods

Material and methods. The search yielded 266 articles. The search algorithm was developed in accordance with the requirements and reporting guidelines for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases. The methodology included using search queries, keywords (including MeSH), and logical operators. The keywords used for the search in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases were «argon», «ar», «protection», and «mechanism». The review included in vivo and in vitro studies.

Results

Results. The following mechanisms of argon action were identified: activation of N-terminal c-Jun kinase

(JNK), p38(ERK1/2), and ERK1/2 in models of airway epithelial cells, neuronal and astroglial cell cultures, as well as in models of retinal ischemia and reperfusion injury in rats and a rabbit model of ischemia-reperfusion myocardium. Significant neuroprotective effects of argon and its influence on apoptosis were shown using small rodent models.

Conclusion

Conclusion. The results of preclinical studies of argon have proved both its safety and organoprotective properties in in vitro and in vivo models. Analysis of the data provides a rationale for the initiation of clinical studies of argon, which could significantly improve outcomes in patients after cerebrovascular accidents, particularly post ischemic stroke.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.