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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rmt</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Общая реаниматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>General Reanimatology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1813-9779</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-7110</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBI "SRIGR" RAMS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15360/1813-9779-2024-4-4-12</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rmt-2504</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Применение севофлурана у пациентов в остром периоде тяжелой черепно-мозговой травмы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Sevoﬂurane in the Acute Phase of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сафиуллин</surname><given-names>Д. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Safiullin</surname><given-names>D. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Данила Раильевич Сафиуллин</p><p>107031, г. Москва, ул. Петровка, д. 25, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Danila R. Safiullin</p><p>25 Petrovka Str., Bldg. 2, 107031 Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">danilarnimu@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черпаков</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Cherpakov</surname><given-names>R. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>107031, г. Москва, ул. Петровка, д. 25, стр. 2; 129090, г. Москва, Большая Сухаревская площадь, д. 3, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rostislav A. Cherpakov</p><p>25 Petrovka Str., Bldg. 2, 107031 Moscow; 3 Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Square, Bldg. 1, 129090 Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шабанов</surname><given-names>А. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shabanov</surname><given-names>A. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>107031, г. Москва, ул. Петровка, д. 25, стр. 2; 129090, г. Москва, Большая Сухаревская площадь, д. 3, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aslan K. Shabanov</p><p>25 Petrovka Str., Bldg. 2, 107031 Moscow; 3 Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Square, Bldg. 1, 129090 Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поляков</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polyakov</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>107031, г. Москва, ул. Петровка, д. 25, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Peter A. Polyakov </p><p>25 Petrovka Str., Bldg. 2, 107031 Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гребенчиков</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grebenchikov</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>107031, г. Москва, ул. Петровка, д. 25, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleg A. Grebenchikov </p><p>25 Petrovka Str., Bldg. 2, 107031 Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный научно-клинический центр реаниматологии и реабилитологии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный научно-клинический центр реаниматологии и реабилитологии; &#13;
НИИ скорой помощи им. Н. В. Склифосовского Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology; &#13;
N. V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute of Emergency Medicine, Moscow City Health Department</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>4</fpage><lpage>12</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сафиуллин Д.Р., Черпаков Р.А., Шабанов А.К., Поляков П.А., Гребенчиков О.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сафиуллин Д.Р., Черпаков Р.А., Шабанов А.К., Поляков П.А., Гребенчиков О.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Safiullin D.R., Cherpakov R.A., Shabanov A.K., Polyakov P.A., Grebenchikov O.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/2504">https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/2504</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Оценить возможность и безопасность применения севофлурана у пациентов в остром периоде тяжелой черепно-мозговой травмы (т-ЧМТ).</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Провели проспективное пилотное рандомизированное клиническое исследование на базе НИИ СП им. Н. В. Склифосовского ДЗМ. В исследование включили мужчин и женщин не моложе 18 лет с диагнозом т-ЧМТ, которым в остром периоде проводили ВЧД-ориентированную интенсивную терапию. В основной группе больных для достижения необходимого седативного эффекта использовали ингаляционный анестетик севофлуран (группа С). В группе сравнения применяли пропофол внутривенно в стандартных дозировках (группа П). Всем пациентам осуществляли мониторинг ВЧД и коэффициента экстракции кислорода головным мозгом. Также оценивали параметры гемодинамики и респираторной поддержки, транскраниальной допплерографии, биоэлектрической активности головного мозга, КТ головного мозга, лабораторные показатели, маркеры воспаления, длительность необходимой седации, проведения ИВЛ и пребывания в ОРИТ.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Применение  ингаляционной седации способствовало снижению ВЧД на  2-е сут (9,5 мм рт. ст. в группе С и 17,3 мм рт. ст. в группе П, р=0,003) и 3-и сут (10 мм рт. ст. и 14,2 мм рт. ст., соответственно, p=0,005). Глубина седации по данным BIS-мониторинга в группах статистически значимо не различалась на 2-е сут (60 и 48,5, соответственно, р=0,070) и на 3-и сут (61 и 46, соответственно, p=0,095). Ингаляционная седация снижала коэффициент экстракции кислорода головным мозгом со стороны повреждения на 2-е сут, по сравнению с пропофолом (23,3 и 30,2%, соответственно, p=0,006) и на 3-и сут (22,7 и 31,2%, соответственно, р&lt;0,001). Спустя 24 ч седативной терапии статистически значимо различались индексы P/F (PaO₂/FiO₂): в группе С к 1-м, 3-м и 7-м сут он составлял (340, 324 и 323 мм рт. ст., соответственно), а в группе П — был ниже (271, 278 и 275 мм рт. ст., соответственно), p&lt;0,001. В группе С наблюдали 9 случаев развития пневмоний против 18 случаев в группе П (p=0,028), общее количество инфекционных осложнений было также ниже: 13 случаев против 21 случая, p=0,046, соответственно.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Использование севофлурана у пациентов в остром периоде т-ЧМТ продемонстрировало свою безопасность, позволило улучшить показатели ряда витальных функций пациентов, таких как ВЧД, АД, индекс P/F, также снизить метаболизм головного мозга по кислороду при отсутствии различия в глубине седации по данным BIS-мониторинга. Учитывая вышеперечисленное, следует полагать, что данный метод седативной терапии позволяет улучшить прогнозы восстановления больных. Однако для верификации и выявления всех позитивных и негативных эффектов ингаляционной седации у данной категории пациентов необходимо проведение многоцентровых рандомизированных клинических исследований.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the study was to evaluate the usefulness and safety of sevoﬂurane in patients in the acute phase of severe traumatic brain injury (TBI).</p><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A prospective, randomized, pilot clinical trial was conducted at the Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine (Moscow) in adults with acute severe TBI, aged 18 years and older, undergoing intensive intracranial pressure (ICP)-guided therapy. To achieve the desired sedative eﬀect, the inhaled anesthetic sevoﬂurane was administered in the main group, and standard doses of intravenous propofol were administered in the control group. ICP and cerebral oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) were monitored in all patients. Hemodynamic and respiratory support parameters, transcranial Doppler ultrasound scan, brain bioelectrical activity, brain CT scan, laboratory parameters, markers of inﬂammation, patients' need for sedation and mechanical ventilation, and length of ICU stay were also evaluated.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The use of inhalation sedation contributed to the reduction of ICP on day 2 (9.5 mmHg in the sevoﬂurane group and 17.3 mmHg in the propofol group, P=0.003) and day 3 (10 mmHg and 14.2 mmHg, respectively, P=0.005). BIS monitoring showed no signiﬁcant diﬀerence in depth of sedation between groups on day 2 (60 vs. 48.5, P=0.070) and day 3 (61 vs. 46, P=0.095). Inhalation sedation reduced cerebral OEF on the injury side compared to propofol on day 2 (23.3 vs. 30.2%, P=0.006) and day 3 (22.7 vs. 31.2%, P&lt;0.001). After 24 hours of sedation therapy, there was a signiﬁcant diﬀerence in P/F (PaO₂/FiO₂) ratios between the groups. On days 1, 3, and 7, the sevoﬂurane group had P/F ratios of 340, 324, and 323 mmHg, while the propofol group had signiﬁcantly lower ratios of 271, 278, and 275 mmHg (P&lt;0.001). Pneumonia was documented in 9 cases in the sevoﬂurane group vs. 18 cases in the propofol group (P=0.028), and a similar trend was observed in the total number of infectious complications: 13 vs. 21 cases, respectively (P=0.046).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Sevoﬂurane in the acute phase of severe TBI was not only safe, but also improved several vital functions, including ICP, blood pressure, P/F ratio, and also slowed brain metabolism via reduced oxygen consumption without aﬀecting the depth of sedation according to BIS monitoring data. All of the above suggests that inhalation sedation may improve the prognosis for patient recovery. However, multicenter randomized clinical trials are needed to identify and verify all positive and negative eﬀects of inhalation sedation in this patient  population.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>севофлуран</kwd><kwd>пропофол</kwd><kwd>ингаляционная седация</kwd><kwd>AnaConDa</kwd><kwd>продленная седация</kwd><kwd>черепно-мозговая травма</kwd><kwd>нейромониторинг</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>sevoﬂurane</kwd><kwd>propofol</kwd><kwd>inhalation sedation</kwd><kwd>AnaConDa</kwd><kwd>prolonged sedation</kwd><kwd>traumatic brain&#13;
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