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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rmt</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Общая реаниматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>General Reanimatology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1813-9779</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-7110</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBI "SRIGR" RAMS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15360/1813-9779-2024-4-2384</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rmt-2508</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>УЛУЧШЕНИЕ РАБОТЫ ОРИТ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>OPTIMIZATION OF ICU</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Основные эффекты применения оригинального протокола обработки полости рта у пациентов на инвазивной искусственной вентиляции легких</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Main Effects of the Original Oral Care Protocol Implementation in Patients on Invasive Mechanical Ventilation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лейдерман</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Leyderman</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лейдерман Илья Наумович</p><p>197341, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilya N. Leyderman</p><p>2 Akkuratova Str., 197341 Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Leyderman_IN@almazovcentre.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маричев</surname><given-names>А. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Marichev</surname><given-names>A. О.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197341, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Аlexander О. Marichev</p><p>2 Akkuratova Str., 197341 Saint Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кашерининов</surname><given-names>И. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kasherininov</surname><given-names>I. U.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197341, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor U. Kasherininov</p><p>2 Akkuratova Str., 197341 Saint Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лестева</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lesteva</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197341, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia A. Lesteva</p><p>2 Akkuratova Str., 197341 Saint Petersburg, </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пономарева</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ponomareva</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197341, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alyona D. Ponomareva</p><p>2 Akkuratova Str., 197341 Saint Petersburg, </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сивков</surname><given-names>А. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sivcov</surname><given-names>A. О.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>625000, г. Тюмень, ул. Юрия Семовских, д. 8, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey О. Sivcov</p><p>8 Yuri Semovskikh Str., Bldg. 1, 625000 Tyumen</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рябова</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryabova</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119435, г. Москва, Абрикосовский пер., д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Daria V. Ryabova</p><p>2 Abrikosov Lane, 119435 Moscow</p><p> </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Носенко</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nosenko</surname><given-names>M. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119620, г. Москва, ул. Волынская, д. 7</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Мikhail М. Nosenko</p><p>7 Volynskaya Str., 119620 Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аблесимов</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ablesimov</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197341, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Georgi А. Ablesimov</p><p>2 Akkuratova Str., 197341 Saint Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр им. В.А. Алмазова Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V. A. Almazov National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Медико-санитарная часть «Нефтяник»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Medical and Sanitary Unit «Neftyanik»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский научный центр хирургии им. акад. Б. В. Петровского</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>B. V. Petrovsky Russian Research Center for Surgery</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Городская клиническая больница № 17 Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>City Clinical Hospital № 17, Moscow City Health Department</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>39</fpage><lpage>47</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лейдерман И.Н., Маричев А.О., Кашерининов И.Ю., Лестева Н.А., Пономарева А.Д., Сивков А.О., Рябова Д.В., Носенко М.М., Аблесимов Г.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лейдерман И.Н., Маричев А.О., Кашерининов И.Ю., Лестева Н.А., Пономарева А.Д., Сивков А.О., Рябова Д.В., Носенко М.М., Аблесимов Г.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Leyderman I.N., Marichev A.О., Kasherininov I.U., Lesteva N.A., Ponomareva A.D., Sivcov A.О., Ryabova D.V., Nosenko M.М., Ablesimov G.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/2508">https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/2508</self-uri><abstract><p>Респираторная инфекция является наиболее частой нозокомиальной инфекцией, встречающейся в отделениях реанимации и интенсивной терапии (ОРИТ). Зубной налет и слизистая оболочка полости рта могут быть колонизированы респираторными патогенами уже через несколько дней после интубации трахеи. Уход за полостью рта играет важную роль в снижении заболеваемости вентилятор-ассоциированными инфекциями.</p><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Оценка клинической эффективности оригинального протокола обработки полости рта пациентов ОРИТ на инвазивной искусственной вентиляции легких (ИВЛ).</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Провели многоцентровое, открытое, рандомизированное, проспективное, контролируемое исследование у 55 пациентов отделений хирургической реанимации и интенсивной терапии, находившихся на длительной инвазивной ИВЛ. Пациентам основной группы (группа 1, n=30) обработку полости рта проводили ежедневно трехкратно с помощью набора одноразовых зубных щеток и водного раствора хлоргексидина биглюконата 0,05%. Пациентам группы сравнения (группа 2, n=25) обработку полости рта проводили 2 раза в сутки с помощью стерильного марлевого зонда-тампона (тупфера), смоченного водным раствором хлоргексидина биглюконата 0,05%. Результаты обработали статистически посредством программ IBM SPSS Statistics 21. Рассчитали относительный риск (ОР) события с 95%-м доверительным интервалом (95% ДИ). 95% ДИ для плотности событий (incidence rate, IR) и отношений плотности событий (incidence rate ratio, IR) оценивали точным пуассоновским методом.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Инцидентность вентилятор-ассоциированных пневмоний (ВАП) на 1000 дней ИВЛ в группе 1 составила 13,6 случаев [95% ДИ: 4,4; 31,7], в группе 2 — 23,6 случая [95% ДИ: 7,7; 55] и была в 1,74 [95% ДИ: 0,4; 7,54] раза ниже в группе 1 по сравнению с группой 2 (p=0,398). Флора слизистых рта и трахеи в группе 1 на 7-е сут проведения ИВЛ была идентичной в 20% случаев, в группе 2 — в 50%, RR=0,4, 95% ДИ 0,165–0,973, р=0,037. Концентрация С-реактивного белка в сыворотке крови на 7-е сут ИВЛ была ниже в группе 1, чем в группе 2 (р=0,04).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Использование оригинального протокола обработки полости рта, основанного на трехкратной чистке зубов с помощью набора одноразовых зубных щеток и водного раствора хлоргексидина биглюконата 0,05% ассоциировано с тенденцией уменьшения частоты инцидентности ВАП на 1000 дней ИВЛ, значимо меньшими показателями идентичности флоры слизистых рта и трахеи и С-реактивного белка в сыворотке крови на 7-й день инвазивной ИВЛ. Необходимы дальнейшие исследования различных аспектов ухода за полостью рта пациентов ОРИТ, особенно при фактическом отсутствии полноценных клинических рекомендаций, и разработка эффективных методов профилактики вентилятор-ассоциированных инфекций.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Respiratory infection is the most common nosocomial infection found in intensive care units (ICUs). Dental plaques and oral mucosa can be colonized by respiratory pathogens within a few days after tracheal intubation. Oral care plays an important role in reducing the incidence of ventilator-associated infections.</p><sec><title>Aim of the study</title><p>Aim of the study. To evaluate clinical effectiveness of the original oral care protocol in ICU patients on invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV).</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. A multicenter, open-label, randomized, prospective, controlled study was conducted in 55 surgical ICU patients on long-term mechanical ventilation. Oral care for patients in the study group (group 1, N=30) included brushing with disposable toothbrushes and rinsing with an aqueous solution of 0.05% chlorhexidine digluconate three times daily. In the control group (group 2, N=25), patients' oral care was performed twice a day using sterile cotton swabs soaked in 0.05% aqueous chlorhexidine digluconate solution. The results were statistically processed using IBM SPSS Statistics 21. The relative risk (RR) of events was calculated with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI). The 95% CIs for event density parameters such as incidence rate (IR) and incidence rate ratio (IRR) were calculated using the exact Poisson test.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) was 13.6 cases [95% CI: 4.4; 31.7] per 1,000 ventilation days in group 1 and 23.6 cases [95% CI: 7.7; 55] per 1,000 ventilation days in group 2. The incidence of VAP was 1.74 times lower [95% CI: 0.4, 7.54] in group 1 vs. group 2 (P=0.398). The identity of oral and tracheal flora on day 7 was 20% in group 1 and 50% in group 2, RR=0.4, 95% CI: 0.165–0.973, P=0.037. Serum C-reactive protein levels were significantly lower in group 1 on day 7 of ventilation compared to group 2 (P=0.04).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The original oral care protocol, based on toothbrushing 3 times daily with a set of disposable toothbrushes and 0.05% aqueous solution of chlorhexidine digluconate, is associated with a tendency to lower VAP incidence per 1000 days of ventilation, significantly lower similarity between oral and tracheal flora, and lower serum C-reactive protein levels on day 7 of IMV. Further research on various aspects of oral care in ICU patients is needed, especially in the absence of complete clinical guidelines and clearly effective strategies for the prevention of ventilator-associated infections.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>обработка полости рта</kwd><kwd>искусственная вентиляция легких</kwd><kwd>инфекционные осложнения</kwd><kwd>вентилятор-ассоциированная пневмония</kwd><kwd>одноразовые зубные щетки</kwd><kwd>тупфер</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>oral care</kwd><kwd>mechanical ventilation</kwd><kwd>infectious complications</kwd><kwd>ventilator-associated pneumonia</kwd><kwd>disposable toothbrushes</kwd><kwd>cotton swabs</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fernando S.M., Tran A., Cheng W., Klompas M., Kyeremanteng K., Mehta S., English S.W., et al. 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