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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rmt</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Общая реаниматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>General Reanimatology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1813-9779</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-7110</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBI "SRIGR" RAMS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15360/1813-9779-2025-1-55-61</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rmt-2516</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Гетерогенность распределения белка NеuN как признак морфологической персонализации нейронов коры головного мозга (экспериментальное исследование)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Heterogeneity of NeuN Protein Distribution as a Marker of Morphological Personalization of Cerebral Cortex Neurons: an Experimental Study</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3165-0378</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Голубев</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Golubev</surname><given-names>Arkady M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аркадий Михайлович Голубев</p><p>107031, г. Москва, ул. Петровка, д. 25, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Arkady M. Golubev</p><p>25 Petrovka Str., Bldg. 2, 107031 Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">arkadygolubev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1735-592X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Любомудров</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lyubomudrov</surname><given-names>Maxim A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Максим Алексеевич Любомудров</p><p>107031, г. Москва, ул. Петровка, д. 25, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maksim A. Lyubomudrov</p><p>25 Petrovka Str., Bldg. 2, 107031 Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mlyubomudrov@fnkcrr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1780-9829</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бабкина</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Babkina</surname><given-names>Anastasia S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анастасия Сергеевна Бабкина</p><p>107031, г. Москва, ул. Петровка, д. 25, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia S. Babkina</p><p>25 Petrovka Str., Bldg. 2, 107031 Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ababkina@fnkcrr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2441-6062</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цоколаева</surname><given-names>З. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsokolaeva</surname><given-names>Zoya I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зоя Ивановна Цоколаева</p><p>107031, г. Москва, ул. Петровка, д. 25, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zoya I. Tsokolaeva</p><p>25 Petrovka Str., Bldg. 2, 107031 Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tsokolaevazoya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>НИИ общей реаниматологии им. В. А. Неговского Федерального научно-клинического центра реаниматологии и реабилитологии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V. A. Negovsky Research Institute of General Reanimatology, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>55</fpage><lpage>61</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Голубев А.М., Любомудров М.А., Бабкина А.С., Цоколаева З.И., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Голубев А.М., Любомудров М.А., Бабкина А.С., Цоколаева З.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Golubev A.M., Lyubomudrov M.A., Babkina A.S., Tsokolaeva Z.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/2516">https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/2516</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Определить персонализированные морфологические фенотипы нейронов на основании характера распределения нейронального белка NeuN в слоях коры головного мозга.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Провели гистологическое исследование коры головного мозга крыс (n=10). Препараты окрашивали гематоксилином и эозином. Для визуализации ядерного нейронального белка NeuN применяли иммуногистохимический метод окрашивания. Препараты исследовали с помощью микроскопа и программного обеспечения для анализа изображений.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Отметили разнообразную локализацию и интенсивность иммуногистохимического окрашивания NeuN в нейронах коры головного мозга. На основании интенсивности окрашивания NeuN в каждом препарате выделили интенсивно окрашенные, неокрашенные, а также со следовым окрашиванием нейроны. Вопреки определению белка NeuN как ядерного нейронального, NeuN в большей части нейронов локализовался как в ядре, так и в цитоплазме. На основании разнообразной локализации NeuN (иммуногистохимического окрашивания на NeuN) выделили следующие фенотипы нейронов: 1) нейроны с окрашенным ядром, но неокрашенной цитоплазмой; 2) нейроны с окрашенной цитоплазмой, но неокрашенным ядром; 3) нейроны с окрашенной цитоплазмой и ядром; 4) полностью окрашенные нейроны, в которых ядро не визуализировалось; 5) нейроны с окрашенными отростками (дендритами/аксонами). Выявили значимые различия интенсивности окрашивания NeuN-позитивных нейронов в зависимости от локализации в слоях коры головного мозга.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Учитывая важную биологическую роль белка NeuN, фенотипы нейронов, выделенные на основании различной локализации NeuN, заслуживают особого внимания исследователей, так как могут свидетельствовать о функциональном состоянии нейронов. Интерпретация отсутствия окрашивания NeuN в нейроне как признака повреждения научно не обоснована. В дальнейших исследованиях с использованием иммуногистохимического окрашивания с антителами к NeuN следует учитывать и подвергать анализу не только общее количество нейронов, в которых отмечена положительная реакция, но и различные их фенотипы.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To identify personalized morphological neuronal phenotypes based on the distribution pattern of the neuronal protein NeuN in the cerebral cortex layers.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. A histologic study of the cerebral cortex was performed in rats (N=10). Tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and the neuronal nuclear protein NeuN was visualized by immunohistochemical staining. Analysis was performed by microscopy and image analysis software.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. NeuN immunohistochemical staining revealed distinct localization and intensity patterns within cortical neurons. Contrary to the definition of NeuN as a nuclear neuronal protein, its localization was observed in both the nucleus and cytoplasm in most neurons. The following neuronal phenotypes were identified based on NeuN staining patterns: 1) Neurons with stained nuclei but unstained cytoplasm; 2) Neurons with stained cytoplasm but unstained nuclei; 3) Neurons with stained nuclei and cytoplasm; 4) Fully stained neurons with no visible nuclei; 5) Neurons with stained processes (dendrites/axons). A significant difference was found between mean intensity of NeuN-positive neurons depending on the localization in the layers of the cerebral cortex.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Given the critical biological role of NeuN, the identified neuronal phenotypes based on NeuN localization warrant further research as they may reflect the functional states of neurons. The interpretation of the absence of NeuN staining as a marker of neuronal damage is not scientifically justified. Future studies using NeuN immunohistochemical staining should consider not only the total number of NeuN-positive neurons, but also their distinct phenotypes.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нейрональный белок NeuN</kwd><kwd>персонализация нейронов</kwd><kwd>фенотипы нейронов</kwd><kwd>кора головного мозга</kwd><kwd>иммуногистохимия</kwd><kwd>морфология</kwd><kwd>морфометрия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>NeuN protein</kwd><kwd>personalized neuronal phenotyping</kwd><kwd>neuronal phenotypes</kwd><kwd>cerebral cortex</kwd><kwd>immunohistochemistry</kwd><kwd>morphology</kwd><kwd>morphometry</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mullen R. J., Buck C. R., Smith A. M. 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