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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rmt</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Общая реаниматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>General Reanimatology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1813-9779</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-7110</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBI "SRIGR" RAMS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15360/1813-9779-2025-6-2603</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rmt-2656</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРАКТИКУЮЩЕМУ ВРАЧУ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>FOR PRACTIONER</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Медицинская реабилитация детей с опухолями ЦНС и развившимся состоянием минимального сознания</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Rehabilitation of Children with CNS Tumors Developing State of Minimal Consciousness</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7851-8648</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Харчиков</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kharchikov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Витальевич Харчиков</p><p>142321, Московская обл., Чеховский р-н, СП Стремиловское, дер. Гришенки, влад. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry V. Kharchikov</p><p>Grishenki Village, Bldg 1, Stremilovskoye Settlement, Chekhov District, Moscow Region 142321</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dmitriy@dockharchikov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6876-7898</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петриченко</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrichenko</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Викторовна Петриченко</p><p>142321, Московская обл., Чеховский р-н, СП Стремиловское, дер. Гришенки, влад. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna V. Petrichenko</p><p>Grishenki Village, Bldg 1, Stremilovskoye Settlement, Chekhov District, Moscow Region 142321</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4664-5616</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карелин</surname><given-names>А. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karelin</surname><given-names>A. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Федорович Карелин</p><p>142321, Московская обл., Чеховский р-н, СП Стремиловское, дер. Гришенки, влад. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander F. Karelin</p><p>Grishenki Village, Bldg 1, Stremilovskoye Settlement, Chekhov District, Moscow Region 142321</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9262-3485</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скрипкин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Skripkin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Васильевич Скрипки</p><p>142321, Московская обл., Чеховский р-н, СП Стремиловское, дер. Гришенки, влад. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander V. Skripkin</p><p>Grishenki Village, Bldg 1, Stremilovskoye Settlement, Chekhov District, Moscow Region 142321</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4863-1958</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Острейков</surname><given-names>И. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ostreykov</surname><given-names>I. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иван Федорович Острейков</p><p>125993, г. Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д.2/1, стр.1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan F. Ostreykov</p><p>2/1 Barricadnaiay Str., Bldg. 1, 125993 Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8520-9468</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Молчанов</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Molchanov</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Игорь Владимирович Молчанов</p><p>107031, г. Москва, ул. Петровка, д. 25, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor V. Molchanov</p><p>25 Petrovka Str., Bldg. 2, 107031 Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0427-8099</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хорошилов</surname><given-names>С. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khoroshilov</surname><given-names>S. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Евгеньевич Хорошилов</p><p>105094, г. Москва, Госпитальная Площадь, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey E. Khoroshilov</p><p>3 Gospitalnaya Square, 105094 Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5230-5725</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Спиридонова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Spiridonova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Александровна Спиридонова</p><p>107031, г. Москва, ул. Петровка, д. 25, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena A. Spiridonova</p><p>25 Petrovka Str., Bldg. 2, 107031 Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Лечебно-реабилитационный научный центр «Русское поле», Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии им. Дмитрия Рогачева Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Medical and Rehabilitation Scientific Center «Russkoe Pole», D. Rogachev National Medical Research Center for Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>НИИ общей реаниматологии им. В. А. Неговского Федерального научно-клинического центра реаниматологии и реабилитологии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V. A. Negovsky Research Institute of General Reanimatology, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Главный военный клинический госпиталь им. акад. Н. Н. Бурденко Минобороны России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Academician N.N. Burdenko Main Military Clinical Hospital, Ministry of Defense of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>54</fpage><lpage>62</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Харчиков Д.В., Петриченко А.В., Карелин А.Ф., Скрипкин А.В., Острейков И.Ф., Молчанов И.В., Хорошилов С.Е., Спиридонова Е.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Харчиков Д.В., Петриченко А.В., Карелин А.Ф., Скрипкин А.В., Острейков И.Ф., Молчанов И.В., Хорошилов С.Е., Спиридонова Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kharchikov D.V., Petrichenko A.V., Karelin A.F., Skripkin A.V., Ostreykov I.F., Molchanov I.V., Khoroshilov S.E., Spiridonova E.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/2656">https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/2656</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель работы. Оценить клинические характеристики и результаты специализированной медицинской реабилитации у детей с опухолями головного мозга, в т. ч. имеющих трахеостому и/или гастростому, в стадии выхода из состояния минимального сознания.Материалы и методы. С 2019 по 2024 гг. на базе Лечебно-реабилитационного научного центра «Русское поле» Национального медицинского исследовательского центра детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии им. Дмитрия Рогачева Минздрава России в группе из 309 пациентов в возрасте от 6 до 17 лет, завершивших лечение опухолей центральной нервной системы, провели проспективное обсервационное исследование. У всех пациентов проводили комплексную оценку последствий лечения, включая клинико-функциональное обследование и тестирование когнитивных и эмоциональных функций, индивидуализированную медицинскую реабилитацию. Выделили подгруппу из 9 пациентов (2,9%) в состоянии минимального сознания, у которых имелись трахеостома и/или гастростома. Реабилитационные цели формулировали по доменам международной классификации функционирования, в соответствии с междисциплинарным подходом.Результаты. У 90% детей, перенесших опухоли ЦНС, последствия токсичности онкологического лечения характеризовались выраженным неврологическим дефицитом. Вместе с тем, у всех 309 пациентов в течение 14–21 дня были достигнуты цели специализированных медицинских программ. У пациентов в состоянии минимального сознания наиболее часто отмечали нарушения функций дыхания, глотания, питания, коммуникации и эмоциональной регуляции, определяющих возможность возникновения жизнеугрожающих осложнений. Применение протоколов, адаптированных для лечения больных, позволило минимизировать предпосылки развития жизнеугрожающих осложнений. В процессе реабилитации ни у одного пациента не регистрировали серьезных осложнений.Заключение. Даже при тяжелых функциональных нарушениях, в т. ч. связанных с необходимостью применения трахеостомы и гастростомы, индивидуализированная медицинская реабилитация позволяет добиться стабилизации состояния, улучшения основных жизненных функций и повышения качества жизни пациента и его семьи. Восстановление когнитивных и сенсомоторных функций у детей в состоянии минимального сознания требует раннего начала реабилитационных мероприятий с участием мультидисциплинарной команды, включающей реаниматолога, педиатра, физического терапевта, логопеда, медицинского психолога и др.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Objective. To evaluate clinical characteristics and results of individualized medical rehabilitation in children with brain tumors, including those with tracheostomy and/or gastrostomy, upon recovery from a state of minimal consciousness.Materials and methods. A prospective observational study included 309 patients aged 6 to 17 years who completed treatment for central nervous system (CNS) tumors during 2019–024 yy. at the «Russkoye Pole» medical rehabilitation research center of the Dmitry Rogachev National medical research center for pediatric hematology, oncology, and immunology, Russian Ministry of Health. All patients underwent a comprehensive assessment of treatment effects, including clinical and functional examination, testing of cognitive and emotional functions, and individualized medical rehabilitation. A subgroup of subjects in a state of minimal consciousness with tracheostomy and/or gastrostomy included 9 patients (2.9%). Rehabilitation goals were set based on the domains of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF), according to an interdisciplinary approach.Results. Severe neurological deficit as the sequelae of cancer treatment toxicity was documented in 90% of children with CNS tumors. However, all 309 patients achieved the goals of specialized medical programs within 14–21 days. Patients in a state of minimal consciousness most often had impaired breathing, swallowing, eating, communication, and emotional regulation, endangering with life-threatening complications. Adhering to the protocols adapted for management of such patients helped minimize the risk of life-threatening complications. No serious complications were recorded in any patient during the rehabilitation process.Conclusion. Even in cases of severe functional impairment, including patients requiring tracheostomy and gastrostomy, an individualized medical rehabilitation approach allows for stabilization of patient's condition, upregulation of basic vital functions, and improvement quality of life of patients and their families. Restoring cognitive and sensorimotor functions in children in a state of minimal consciousness requires early initiation of rehabilitation measures by a multidisciplinary team, including a resuscitator, pediatrician, physical therapist, speech therapist, medical psychologist, etc.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>опухоли центральной нервной системы</kwd><kwd>минимальное сознание</kwd><kwd>медицинская реабилитация</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>трахеостомия</kwd><kwd>гастростомия</kwd><kwd>мультидисциплинарный подход</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>central nervous system tumors</kwd><kwd>minimal consciousness</kwd><kwd>medical rehabilitation</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>tracheostomy</kwd><kwd>gastrostomy</kwd><kwd>multidisciplinary approach</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Белкин А. А., Александрова Е. В., Ахутина Т. В., Белкин В. 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