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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rmt</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Общая реаниматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>General Reanimatology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1813-9779</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-7110</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBI "SRIGR" RAMS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15360/1813-9779-2026-5-2697</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rmt-2697</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Генетические маркеры антибиотикорезистентности возбудителей инфекций нижних дыхательных путей у пациентов в хроническом критическом состоянии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Genetic Markers of Antibiotic Resistance in Pathogens Causing Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in Patients in a Chronic Critical Condition</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0284-8913</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юрьев</surname><given-names>М. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yuryev</surname><given-names>M. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михаил Юрьевич Юрьев</p><p>107031, г. Москва, ул. Петровка, д. 25, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail Y. Yuryev</p><p>25 Petrovka Str., Bldg. 2, 107031 Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">myurev@fnkcrr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3957-5015</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каменева</surname><given-names>Т. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kameneva</surname><given-names>T. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Татьяна Рудольфовна Каменева</p><p>107031, г. Москва, ул. Петровка, д. 25, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana R. Kameneva</p><p>25 Petrovka Str., Bldg. 2, 107031 Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5504-8122</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Базанович</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bazanovich</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Александрович Базанович</p><p>107031, г. Москва, ул. Петровка, д. 25, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey A. Bazanovich</p><p>25 Petrovka Str., Bldg. 2, 107031 Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9316-8907</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черневская</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernevskaya</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Екатерина Александровна Черневская</p><p>107031, г. Москва, ул. Петровка, д. 25, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina A. Chernevskaya</p><p>25 Petrovka Str., Bldg. 2, 107031 Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">echernevskaya@fnkcrr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7205-0742</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воронов</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Voronov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владимир Викторович Воронов</p><p>107031, г. Москва, ул. Петровка, д. 25, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir V. Voronov</p><p>25 Petrovka Str., Bldg. 2, 107031 Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4272-0957</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петрова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Марина Владимировна Петрова</p><p>107031, г. Москва, ул. Петровка, д. 25, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina V. Petrova</p><p>25 Petrovka Str., Bldg. 2, 107031 Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный научно-клинический центр реаниматологии и реабилитологии Минобрнауки России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, Ministry of Education and Science of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>0</issue><issue-title>Принято в печать</issue-title><elocation-id>2697</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Юрьев М.Ю., Каменева Т.Р., Базанович С.А., Черневская Е.А., Воронов В.В., Петрова М.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Юрьев М.Ю., Каменева Т.Р., Базанович С.А., Черневская Е.А., Воронов В.В., Петрова М.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yuryev M.Y., Kameneva T.R., Bazanovich S.A., Chernevskaya E.A., Voronov V.V., Petrova M.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/2697">https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/2697</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель работы — определить частоту встречаемости генетических маркеров резистентности к антимикробным препаратам у возбудителей инфекций нижних дыхательных путей у пациентов в хроническом критическом состоянии.</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Провели анализ генетических маркеров резистентности к антимикробным препаратам у возбудителей инфекций нижних дыхательных путей у 251 пациента в хроническом критическом состоянии, находившегося в отделении реанимации и интенсивной терапии (ОРИТ) в 2025 г. Идентификацию возбудителей и детекцию генов выполняли автоматическим анализатором и методом полимеразной цепной реакции в режиме реального времени (ПЦР-РВ).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Подтвердили доминирование трех патогенов: Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii и Pseudomonas aeruginosa, на долю которых приходится более 40 % выявленных инфекций. Установили, что среди выявленных генетических детерминант резистентности доминирующее положение занимал ген shv (58,35 %), который отвечает за природную резистентность K. pneumoniae и приобретенную резистентность E. coli. Второе место по распространенности занял ген ctx-m-1 с показателем 55,80%, а третье — ген tem (50,29 %), Значительную долю составили гены карбапенемаз: ndm-гены выявлены в 41,45 % образцов, а гены семейства oxa продемонстрировали широкое распространение — oxa-48-like обнаружен в 40,47 % случаев, oxa-40-like — в 38,51 %, oxa-51-like — в 34,38%, а oxa-23-like — в 18,86 %.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. У пациентов в хроническом критическом состоянии, находящихся в ОРИТ, преобладающими возбудителями инфекций нижних дыхательных путей являлись грамотрицательные бактерии, в том числе Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii и Pseudomonas aeruginosa, в более чем 40 % случаев. Наличие двух и более генетических маркеров резистентности было обнаружено в 80,55 % образцов. У всех штаммов A. baumannii обнаружили ген oxa-51-like. Распространены гены карбапенемаз (ndm, oxa, kpc) и бета‑лактамаз (shv, ctx-m-1, tem).</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of antibiotic resistance genetic markers in pathogens causing lower respiratory tract infections in patients with chronic critical illness.</p><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. We analyzed genetic markers of resistance to antimicrobial agents in pathogens causing lower respiratory tract infections in 251 patients in a chronic critical condition who were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) in 2025. Pathogen identification and gene detection were performed using an automated analyzer and the real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) method.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The predominance of three pathogens — Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa — was confirmed; these accounted for more than 40% of the identified infections. It was found that among the identified genetic determinants of resistance, the shv gene (58.35%) was predominant; this gene is responsible for the intrinsic resistance of K. pneumoniae and the acquired resistance of E. coli. The ctx-m-1 gene ranked second in prevalence at 55.80 %, and the tem gene ranked third at 50.29 %. Carbapenemase genes accounted for a significant proportion: ndm genes were detected in 41.45 % of samples, and genes of the oxa family were widely distributed — oxa-48-like was detected in 40.47 % of cases, oxa-40-like in 38.51 %, oxa-51-like in 34.38 %, and oxa-23-like in 18.86 %.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Among patients with chronic critical illness admitted to the ICU, Gram-negative bacteria — including Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa — were the predominant pathogens causing lower respiratory tract infections in more than 40 % of cases. Two or more genetic markers of resistance were detected in 80.55% of the samples. The oxa- 51-like gene was detected in all A. baumannii strains. Carbapenemase genes (ndm, oxa, kpc) and beta-lactamase genes (shv, ctx-m-1, tem) were prevalent.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>маркеры антибиотикорезистентности</kwd><kwd>инфекции нижних дыхательных путей</kwd><kwd>хроническое критическое состояние</kwd><kwd>гены резистентности</kwd><kwd>антимикробная терапия</kwd><kwd>Klebsiella pneumoniae</kwd><kwd>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</kwd><kwd>Acinetobacter baumannii</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>antibiotic resistance markers</kwd><kwd>lower respiratory tract infections</kwd><kwd>chronic critical illness</kwd><kwd>resistance genes</kwd><kwd>antimicrobial therapy</kwd><kwd>Klebsiella pneumoniae</kwd><kwd>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</kwd><kwd>Acinetobacter baumannii</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ценципер Л.М., Тихомирова А.М., Лейдерман И.Н. 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