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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rmt</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Общая реаниматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>General Reanimatology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1813-9779</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-7110</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBI "SRIGR" RAMS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15360/1813-9779-2008-5-79</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rmt-664</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРАКТИКУЮЩЕМУ ВРАЧУ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>FOR PRACTIONER</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Правила забора и хранения крови для лабораторных исследований</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rules of Blood Sampling and Storage for Laboratory Studies</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Муронов</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Muronov</surname><given-names>A. Ye.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">-</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Заболотских</surname><given-names>И. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zabolotskikh</surname><given-names>I. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">-</email></contrib></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2008</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>10</month><year>2008</year></pub-date><volume>4</volume><issue>5</issue><issue-title>Том IV № 5 2008 г.</issue-title><fpage>79</fpage><lpage>79</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Муронов А.Е., Заболотских И.Б., 2008</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2008</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Муронов А.Е., Заболотских И.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Muronov A.Y., Zabolotskikh I.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/664">https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/664</self-uri><abstract><p>Представлен обзор и систематизация рекомендаций, касающихся снижения количества дефектов, происходящих с пробой крови после ее забора в преаналитической фазе, и влияния этих сдвигов на правильность интерпретации клинического состояния больного в постаналитической фазе исследования. Материал и методы. В обзорной статье рассмотрены публикации, касающиеся вопросов появления наиболее частых дефектов при заборе крови для оценки кислотно-основного, электролитного, газового и метаболического состояний, а также методы их профилактики и устранения. Основу этих мероприятий составляют: определение клинических показаний к исследованию, выбор источника забора крови, подготовка пациента к забору и определение времени его проведения. Максимально возможного соответствия исследуемых параметров в отобранной пробе крови их истинным величинам in vivo позволяет добиться соблюдение ряда технических факторов, к числу которых относят: обеспечение анаэробных условий забора крови, адекватное ее перемешивание и гомогенизация, профилактика разведения, образования сгустков, возникновения гемолиза, а также учет влияния на пробу раствора гепарина и времени ее хранения. Четкое представление о влиянии условий забора на пробу отбираемой для исследования крови, состояния пациента, а также изменений, происходящих при ее хранении, позволяет клиницисту располагать максимально возможной достоверной информацией о КОС, газовом, электролитном, метаболическом гомеостазе и принимать на их основе взвешенные решения по проведению или изменению интенсивной терапии. Ключевые слова: правила забора крови, дефекты забора крови, преаналитическая фаза исследования, газовый состав крови, кислотно-основное состояние, содержание электролитов в крови.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Objective: to review and to systematize the recommendations on reducing the incidence of defects occurring with a sample of blood after its sampling in the preanalytical phase and the impact of these shifts on the correct interpretation of a patient’s clinical status in the postanalytical phase of a study. Materials and methods. The review considers reports on the occurrence of the most common defects at blood sampling to evaluate acid-base, electrolytic, gas, and metabolic states and methods for their prevention and elimination. These measures are based on the determination of clinical indications for a blood test, the choice of a source of blood sampling, the preparation of a patient for this procedure, and the timing of its performance. The maximally possible agreement between the study parameters in the taken blood sample and their actual values in vitro can be achieved by following a number of technical factors, including the provision of anaerobic conditions for sampling the blood, its adequate mixing and homogenization, the prophylaxis of dilution and the prevention of clot formation and hemolysis, as well as by the consideration of their influence on a heparin solution sample and the time of its storage. A clear idea on the influence of sampling conditions on the sample taken to study blood, a patient’s status, and changes occurring with sample storage allows a clinician to have the maximally possible reliable information on acid-base balance, gaseous, electrolytic, and metabolic homeostasis and to take their based weighed decisions to perform or correct intensive care. Key words: blood sampling rules, blood sampling defects, preanalytical study phase, blood gas composition, acid-base balance, blood electrolyte levels.</p></trans-abstract></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru"></mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sasse S. A., Chen P. A., Mahutte C. K.Variability of arterial blood gases over time in stable medical ICU patients. 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