<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rmt</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Общая реаниматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>General Reanimatology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1813-9779</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-7110</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBI "SRIGR" RAMS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15360/1813-9779-2008-4-21</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rmt-705</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФУНКЦИЯ ГОЛОВНОГО МОЗГА ПРИ ОПЕРАТИВНЫХ ВМЕШАТЕЛЬСТВАХ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BRAIN FUNCTION DURING SURGICAL INTERVENTIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Факторы риска нарушения когнитивных функций в послеоперационном периоде у пожилых пациентов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Risk Factors for Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunctions in Elderly Patients</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ибрагимов</surname><given-names>Н. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ibragimov</surname><given-names>N. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">-</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лебединский</surname><given-names>К. М</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lebedinsky</surname><given-names>K. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">-</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Микиртумов</surname><given-names>Б. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikirtumov</surname><given-names>B. Ye.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">-</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гельман</surname><given-names>В. Я.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gelman</surname><given-names>V. Ya.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">-</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Оболенский</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Obolensky</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">-</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казарин</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazarin</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">-</email></contrib></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2008</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>08</month><year>2008</year></pub-date><volume>4</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title>Том IV № 4 2008 г.</issue-title><fpage>21</fpage><lpage>21</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ибрагимов Н.Ю., Лебединский К.М., Микиртумов Б.Е., Гельман В.Я., Оболенский С.В., Казарин В.С., 2008</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2008</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ибрагимов Н.Ю., Лебединский К.М., Микиртумов Б.Е., Гельман В.Я., Оболенский С.В., Казарин В.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ibragimov N.Y., Lebedinsky K.M., Mikirtumov B.Y., Gelman V.Y., Obolensky S.V., Kazarin V.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/705">https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/705</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель работы — изучить влияние широкого спектра факторов на развитие послеоперационного делирия у пожилых больных и зависимости динамики их когнитивных функций от вида анестезии и сроков после операции. Материал и методы. В исследование были включены 100 пациентов в возрасте 65—90 лет, оперированных в плановом порядке под общей, регионарной и комбинированной анестезией. Когнитивный статус оценивали до операции, а также в первые, четвертые и седьмые сутки после операции при помощи теста MMSE. Диагноз делирия в послеоперационном периоде устанавливали на основе опроса, исходя из диагностических критериев МКБ-10 и DSM-IV (American Psychiatric Association, 1994) и верифицировали консультацией психиатра. Результаты. В течение первых двух суток после операции делирий развился у 17 пациентов. Статистически значимыми факторами риска его развития оказались повышенный уровень натрия плазмы (p&lt;0,000001), лейкоцитоз (p&lt;0,00002) и вид послеоперационного обезболивания (p&lt;0,02). Достоверным было ухудшение результатов тестирования MMSE на всех этапах после операции по отношению к дооперационным данным (p&lt;0,05). При сравнении между собой результатов, полученных в первые, четвертые и седьмые сутки, в динамике наблюдается достоверное улучшение показателей когнитивного статуса. Анализ показал отсутствие достоверных различий динамики MMSE между группами общей, регионарной и комбинированной анестезией на всех этапах исследования. Заключение. Операция и анестезия приводят у пожилых больных к значимому ухудшению когнитивных функций даже в том случае, если развития делирия удается избежать. Существует достоверная связь развития делирия с лейкоцитозом, гипернатриемией и выбором послеоперационного обезболивания. Ключевые слова: анестезия, послеоперационный делирий, когнитивный статус, MMSE, пожилой возраст.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Objective: to study the impact of a wide spectrum of factors on the development of postoperative delirium in elderly patients in relation to the changes in their cognitive functions depending on the type of anesthesia and period after surgery. Subjects and methods. The study covered 100 patients aged 65—90 years who had been electively operated on under general, regional, and combined anesthesia. Their cognitive status was elevated before and 1, 4, and 7 days after surgery, by using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) schedule. The diagnosis was postoperatively established on the basis of interviews, by applying the diagnostic criteria of ICD-10 and DSM-IV (American Psychiatric Association, 1994) and verified by a psychiatrist’s consultation. Results. Seventeen patients developed delirium within the first two days following surgery. Elevated plasma sodium (p&lt;0.000001), leukocytosis (p&lt;0.00002), and postoperative analgesia mode (p&lt;0.02) proved to be statistically significant risk factors for delirium. Worse results of MMSE tests at all postoperative stages than those obtained prior to surgery were significant (p&lt;0.05). Comparing the results obtained on days 1, 4, and 7 showed a significant cognitive improvement. Analysis indicated no significant differences in MMSE changes between the groups of general, regional, and combined anesthesia at all study stages. Conclusion. In elderly patients, surgery and anesthesia lead to a considerable deterioration of cognitive functions even if the development of delirium can be avoided. There is a significant correlation of the development of delirium with leukocytosis, hypernatremia, and postoperative analgesia mode. Key words: anesthesia, postoperative delirium, cognitive status, MMSE, elderly age.</p></trans-abstract></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Снежневский А. В.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Снежневский А. В.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Herrick I. A., Ganapathy S., Komar W. et al.Postoperative cognitive impairment in the elderly. Choice of patient-controlled analgesia opioid. Anaesthesia 1996; 51 (4): 356—360.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Herrick I. A., Ganapathy S., Komar W. et al.Postoperative cognitive impairment in the elderly. Choice of patient-controlled analgesia opioid. Anaesthesia 1996; 51 (4): 356—360.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kamitani K., Higuchi A., Asahi T., Yoshida H.Postoperative delirium after general anesthesia vs. spinal anesthesia in geriatric patients. Masui 2003; 52 (9): 972—975.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kamitani K., Higuchi A., Asahi T., Yoshida H.Postoperative delirium after general anesthesia vs. spinal anesthesia in geriatric patients. Masui 2003; 52 (9): 972—975.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gustafson Y., Berggren D., Brannstrom B. et al.Acute confusional states in elderly patients treated for femoral neck fracture. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 1988; 36 (6): 525—530.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gustafson Y., Berggren D., Brannstrom B. et al.Acute confusional states in elderly patients treated for femoral neck fracture. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 1988; 36 (6): 525—530.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Papaioannou A., Fraidakis O., Michaloudis D. et al.The impact of the type of anaesthesia on cognitive status and delirium during the first postoperative days in elderly patients. Eur. J. Anaesthesiol. 2005; 22 (7): 492—499.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Papaioannou A., Fraidakis O., Michaloudis D. et al.The impact of the type of anaesthesia on cognitive status and delirium during the first postoperative days in elderly patients. Eur. J. Anaesthesiol. 2005; 22 (7): 492—499.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rasmussen H., Rasmussen L. S., Canet J.Long-term postoperative cognitive dysfunction in the elderly: ISPOCD1 study. Lancet 1998; 351: 857—861.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rasmussen H., Rasmussen L. S., Canet J.Long-term postoperative cognitive dysfunction in the elderly: ISPOCD1 study. Lancet 1998; 351: 857—861.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bitsch M. S., Foss N. B., Kristensen B. B., Kehlet H.Pathogenesis of and management strategies for postoperative delirium after hip fracture. Acta Orthop. Scand. 2004; 75 (4): 378—389.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bitsch M. S., Foss N. B., Kristensen B. B., Kehlet H.Pathogenesis of and management strategies for postoperative delirium after hip fracture. Acta Orthop. Scand. 2004; 75 (4): 378—389.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">World Health Organization. The ICD-10 Classification of mental and behavioral disorders. Geneva: WHO; 1992.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">World Health Organization. The ICD-10 Classification of mental and behavioral disorders. Geneva: WHO; 1992.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">American psychiatric association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 4th ed. (DSM-IV).Washington: DC APA; 1994.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">American psychiatric association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 4th ed. (DSM-IV).Washington: DC APA; 1994.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rasmussen L. S., Johnson T., Kuipers H. M.Does anaesthesia cause postoperative cognitive dysfunction? A randomised study of regional versus general anaesthesia in 438 elderly patients. Acta Anaesth. Scand. 2003; 47 (3): 260—266.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rasmussen L. S., Johnson T., Kuipers H. M.Does anaesthesia cause postoperative cognitive dysfunction? A randomised study of regional versus general anaesthesia in 438 elderly patients. Acta Anaesth. Scand. 2003; 47 (3): 260—266.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schneider F., Bohner H., Habel U. Risk factors for postoperative delirium in vascular surgery. Gen. Hosp. Psychiatry 2002; 24 (1): 28—34.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schneider F., Bohner H., Habel U. Risk factors for postoperative delirium in vascular surgery. Gen. Hosp. Psychiatry 2002; 24 (1): 28—34.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yamagata K., Onizawa K., Yusa H.Risk factors for postoperative delirium in patients undergoing head and neck cancer surgery. Int. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. 2005; 34 (1): 33—36.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yamagata K., Onizawa K., Yusa H.Risk factors for postoperative delirium in patients undergoing head and neck cancer surgery. Int. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. 2005; 34 (1): 33—36.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
