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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rmt</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Общая реаниматология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>General Reanimatology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1813-9779</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-7110</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBI "SRIGR" RAMS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15360/1813-9779-2013-6-45</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rmt-90</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРАКТИКУЮЩЕМУ ВРАЧУ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>FOR PRACTIONER</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ранняя оценка эффективности антибактериальной терапии нозокомиальной пневмонии путем количественного определения липополисахарида</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Early Evaluation of the Efficiency of Antibiotic Therapy for Nosocomial Pneumonia by Quantifying Lipopolysaccharide</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яковлев</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakovlev</surname><given-names>A. Yu</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">aritnnru@list.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гущина</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gushchina</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">-</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ниязматов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Niyazmatov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">-</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зайцев</surname><given-names>Р. М</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zatsev</surname><given-names>R. M</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">-</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Голубцова</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Golubtsova</surname><given-names>E. Yu</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">-</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рябикова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryabikova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">-</email></contrib></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2013</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>12</month><year>2013</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>6</issue><issue-title>Том IX № 6 2013 г.</issue-title><fpage>45</fpage><lpage>45</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Яковлев А.Ю., Гущина Н.Н., Ниязматов А.А., Зайцев Р.М., Голубцова Е.Ю., Рябикова М.А., 2013</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2013</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Яковлев А.Ю., Гущина Н.Н., Ниязматов А.А., Зайцев Р.М., Голубцова Е.Ю., Рябикова М.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yakovlev A.Y., Gushchina N.N., Niyazmatov A.A., Zatsev R.M., Golubtsova E.Y., Ryabikova M.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/90">https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/90</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования . Оценка эффективности внутривенной и ингаляционной антибактериальной терапии нозокоми-альной пневмонии, вызванной грамотрицательными бактериями, на основе определения липополисахарида (ЛПС). Материал и методы. Исследования проведены у 54 больных нозокомиальной пневмонией, ассоциированной с ИВЛ. В 1-й группе (26 пациентов) применялась традиционная деэскалационная (карбапенемы) внутривенная анти-биотикотерапия. У 28 пациентов 2-й группы использовали ингаляционную антибактериальную монотерапию препаратом ТОБИ (тобрамицин) в дозе 300 мг каждые 12 часов в течение 10—12 суток. Использование ингаляционного то-брамицина в качестве монопрепарата было обусловлено отсутствием других очагов инфекции. ЛПС определяли количественно с помощью диагностического набора МАЧ-endotox spp. теста (ГУ «НЦССХ им. А. Н. Бакулева РАМН, ООО НПФ «РОХАТ», Россия). Результаты. Первое введение антимикробного препарата сопровождается ростом артерио-венозной разницы содержания ЛПС грамотрицательных бактерий за счет повышения артериальной эндотоксемии. Заключение. Повышение содержания липополисахарида в артериальной крови после начала системной или ингаляционной антибактериальной терапии нозокомиальной пневмонии можно использовать как ранний критерий ее эффективности. Ингаляции тобрамицина приводят к достоверному росту артериальной липополисаха-ридемии по сравнению с деэскалационной терапией карбапенемами при низкой частоте побочных реакций и нежелательных явлений. Ключевые слова: нозокомиальная пневмония, липополисахарид, артерио-венозная разница, ингаляционный тобрамицин.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Objective: to evaluate the efficiency of intravenous and inhaled antibiotic therapy for nosocomial pneumonia caused by gram-negative bacteria by quantifying lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Subjects and methods. Examinations were made in 54 patients with mechanical ventilation-associated nosocomial pneumonia. Conventional de-escalating intravenous antibiotic therapy (with carbapenems) was used in Group 1 (n=26). Inhaled antibiotic monotherapy with TOBI (tobramycin) in a dose of 300 mg every 12 hours for 10—12 days was performed in Group 2 (n=28). The use of inhaled tobramycin as a monodrug was due to the absence of other infection foci. LPS was quantified using a diagnostic activated particle-method-endotox spp. kit (A. N. Bakulev Research Center of Cardiovascular Surgery, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, OOO ROKHAT Research-and-Production Firm, Russia). Results. The first administration of the antibiotic is accompanied by a higher arteriovenous difference in the content of gram-negative bacterial LPS due to increased arterial endotoxemia. Conclusion. Elevated arterial blood LPS levels after initiation of systemic or inhaled antibiotic therapy for nosocomial pneumonia may be employed as an early criterion for its efficiency. Tobramycin inhalations give rise to a significant increase in arterial lipopolysaccharidemia as compared to de-escalation therapy with carbapenems with low rates of adverse reactions and undesirable events. Key words: nosocomial pneumonia, lipopolysaccharide, arteriovenous difference, inhaled tobramycin.</p></trans-abstract></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Am. J. Respir. Crit. 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