The Effects of Xenon on GSK-3β, NF-κB, and Nrf2 Levels in the Rat Brain: An Experimental Study
https://doi.org/10.15360/1813-9779-2025-3-2563
Abstract
Aim. To evaluate the impact of subanesthetic concentrations of xenon on the brain levels of GSK-3β, NF-κB, and Nrf2 in intact rats.
Materials and Methods. Male laboratory rats were randomly assigned to three groups (N=5 per group): the control group received inhalation of a nitrogen-oxygen gas mixture; the Xe-70 group received 70% xenon; and the Xe-35 group received 35% xenon. Following euthanasia, brain tissue samples were analyzed using Western blotting and densitometric quantification to assess levels of phosphorylated GSK-3β, NF-κB, and Nrf2. Results. Inhalation of xenon-oxygen mixtures led to a statistically significant increase in phosphorylated GSK-3β levels in both the Xe-70 group (95% CI: 593,723–1,018,826; P=0.0001; R=0.72) and the Xe-35 group (95% CI: 458,413–872,807; P=0.0001; R=0.80), compared with controls. Xenon exposure also resulted in a significant reduction in NF-κB levels in the Xe-70 (95% CI: 205,138–601,617; P=0.0005; R=0.95) and Xe-35 (95% CI: 217,700–608,462; P=0.0003; R=0.95) groups. Furthermore, Nrf2 protein expression was significantly elevated in the Xe-35 group compared to controls (95% CI: 260,926–692,532; P=0.0002; R=0.91).
Conclusion. Subanesthetic xenon concentrations exert a significant modulatory effect on GSK-3β, NF-κB, and Nrf2 expression in the brain tissue of intact rats.
About the Authors
E. E. Beda
V. A. Negovsky Research Institute of General Reanimatology, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Evgeniy E. Beda
25 Petrovka Str., Bldg. 2, 107031 Moscow
M. V. Gabitov
V. A. Negovsky Research Institute of General Reanimatology, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Mikhail V. Gabitov
25 Petrovka Str., Bldg. 2, 107031 Moscow
I. V. Redkin
V. A. Negovsky Research Institute of General Reanimatology, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Ivan V. Redkin
25 Petrovka Str., Bldg. 2, 107031 Moscow
I. A. Kryukov
V. A. Negovsky Research Institute of General Reanimatology, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Ivan A. Kryukov
25 Petrovka Str., Bldg. 2, 107031 Moscow
O. A. Grebenchikov
V. A. Negovsky Research Institute of General Reanimatology, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Oleg A. Grebenchikov
25 Petrovka Str., Bldg. 2, 107031 Moscow
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Review
For citations:
Beda E.E., Gabitov M.V., Redkin I.V., Kryukov I.A., Grebenchikov O.A. The Effects of Xenon on GSK-3β, NF-κB, and Nrf2 Levels in the Rat Brain: An Experimental Study. General Reanimatology. 2025;21(3):26-31. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.15360/1813-9779-2025-3-2563
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