Органопротективные свойств аргона (обзор)

История изучения органопротективных свойств аргона (Ar) начинается с 1998 г., когда коллектив российских авторов провел исследование воздействия гипоксических газовых смесей на организм млекопитающих. За несколько десятилетий были получены данные о кардио-, нейро-, нефропротективных свойствах аргона при различных патологических состояниях в экспериментальных моделях in vivo и in vitro. Однако, отсутствие на сегодняшний день клинических исследований побудило нас провести систематический обзор с анализом публикаций доклинических исследований, в которых были выявлены органопротективные свойства аргона, что, как представляется, позволило бы приступить к его клиническому изучению.

Цель обзора. Изучение механизмов органопротективных свойств аргона в доклинических исследованиях.

Материалы и методы. В ходе поиска обнаружили 266 статей. Алгоритм поиска информации разработали в соответствии с требованиями и положениями отчетности для систематических обзоров и метаанализов (PRISMA) в базе данных PubMed и Google Scholar. Он включал в себя поиск исследований с использованием поисковых запросов, ключевых слов (в т.ч. MeSH) и логических операторов. Перечень ключевых слов в базе данных PubMed и Google Scholar: «argon», «ar», «protection», «mechanism». В обзор включили исследования, проводимые in vivo и in vitro.

Результаты. В результате выявили следующие механизмы действия аргона: активация N-концевой киназы c-Jun (JNK), p38(ERK1/2), ERK1/2 на моделях эпителиальных клеток дыхательных путей, культурах нейронов и клеток астроглии, а также на модели ишемии сетчатки и реперфузионных повреждений у крыс и модели ишемии-реперфузии миокарда кроликов. На моделях мелких грызунов выявили достоверные нейропротективные эффекты аргона, а также его влияние на процессы апоптоза.

Заключение. Результаты доклинических исследований аргона не только показали его безопасность, но и доказали органопротективные свойства на моделях in vitro, in vivo. Все вышеизложенное позволяет инициировать клинические исследования аргона, которые, как представляется, могли бы существенно улучшить исходы пациентов после церебральных катастроф, в частности, у пациентов после ишемического инсульта.

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